[The prevalence of ESRD in 2011].

This chapter describes temporal and geographical variations of ESRD prevalence in France. This indicator assesses health needs of ESRD patients on dialysis or living with functional transplant. It does not include patients on conservative treatment. On December 31, 2011, 70 300 patients were receiving a renal replacement therapy in one of the 25 regions contributing to the registry, 39 200 (56%) on dialysis and 31 100 (44%) living with a functional renal transplant. The overall crude prevalence was 1091pmh. It was 1.6 higher in males. Prevalence was subject to regional variations with 5 regions (3 overseas) above the national rate. Renal transplant share varied from 33% in Nord-Pas-de-Calais to 53% in Pays de Loire, and from 16 to 25% in overseas regions. The overall sex and age standardised prevalence was 40, 567 and 483 pmh respectively for peritoneal dialysis, haemodialysis and transplantation, with marked regional variations. The study of temporal variations for 18 regions contributing to the registry since 2007 demonstrated a +4% increase in standardised prevalence of ESRD patients with a functional transplant vs +2% increase for dialysis, resulting in a decreasing gap between dialysis and transplantation prevalence, due to an increase number of renal transplant and a longer survival of transplanted patients. Such an evolution should prompt the nephrological community and health authorities to anticipate changes in the ESRD healthcare organisation and to adapt them to the regional context.