Clinical approach to known and emerging tick-borne infections other than Lyme disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review latest developments in knowledge of established and emerging tick-borne infections in the United States other than Lyme borreliosis, emphasizing a clinical and geographic approach to diagnosis and management.

RECENT FINDINGS: The incidence of tick-borne diseases in the United States has increased. New tick-borne diseases have emerged and will likely continue to be identified.

SUMMARY: Clinicians should maintain suspicion for tick-borne diseases in children with acute infectious illnesses, and consider treating such patients presumptively to prevent complications. Knowledge of common tick vectors in the United States and the infections they transmit will allow pediatricians to appropriately assess and manage patients with tick-borne diseases.