Impact of polyvascular disease on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary revascularization: an observation from the CREDO-Kyoto Registry Cohort-2.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) often have prior stroke or concomitant extra-cardiac vascular disease (EVD) such as cerebral, aortic, or peripheral vascular disease. However, clinical outcomes after coronary revascularization in patients with polyvascular disease have not been fully elucidated.

METHODS: Among 15,263 patients undergoing first coronary revascularization enrolled in the CREDO-Kyoto registry Cohort-2 from January 2005 to December 2007, there were 1443 patients with prior stroke (stroke + CAD group), 974 patients with EVD (EVD + CAD group), 253 patients with both prior stroke and EVD (stroke/EVD/CAD group) and 12,593 patients with neither prior stroke nor EVD (CAD alone group [reference]).

RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke) through 3 years was significantly higher in patients with polyvascular disease compared with reference patients (19.9% in the stroke + CAD group, 18.5% in the EVD + CAD group, 20.1% in the stroke/EVD/CAD group, and 11.2% in the CAD alone group, P < 0.0001). After adjusting confounders, the presence of EVD and/or stroke was independently associated with higher risk for MACE compared with the reference group (adjusted HR [95%CI]: 1.34 [1.17-1.54], P < 0.0001 in the stroke + CAD group, 1.56 [1.32-1.84], P < 0.0001 in the EVD + CAD group, and 1.66 [1.24-2.23], P = 0.0007 in the stroke/EVD/CAD group). However, the presence of EVD and/or stroke was not associated with higher risk for myocardial infarction.

CONCLUSIONS: Clinical outcome after coronary revascularization was worse in patients with prior stroke and/or EVD, which was mainly driven by the increased risk for non-coronary cardiovascular events.