11C-choline PET/CT and PSA kinetics.

The role of PET/CT with radiolabelled (18)F-choline or (11)C-choline in patients with prostate cancer after primary treatment has not been established yet and there are no guidelines on the appropriate use of this emerging modality. According to the literature, choline PET/CT may have a role in restaging the disease in patients with biochemical relapse for the detection of local and/or lymph node and/or distant recurrence. The aim of this brief review is to summarize the results of the most relevant published studies with particular focus on the relationship between prostate-specific antigen levels and kinetics and the sensitivity of choline PET/CT for optimizing the selection of patients who may benefit the most from this diagnostic procedure, especially early after biochemical recurrence.