Saphenous vein graft percutaneous coronary intervention via radial artery access: safe and effective with reduced hospital length of stay.

BACKGROUND: Although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via radial artery access confers many advantages over the femoral artery, PCI to saphenous vein grafts (SVG) is commonly performed via the femoral route. We compared outcomes in patients undergoing SVG PCI from the radial and femoral routes.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent SVG PCI between January 2006 and December 2010 in 2 large interventional centers in the United Kingdom. All radial and femoral operators selected for this analysis performed high-volume (>200 PCIs per year) procedures via either vascular route.

RESULTS: Of 305 patients (260 males) who underwent SVG PCI, 208 (68.2%) had the procedure completed from the femoral route and 97 (32.8%) radially. There was no difference between groups in fluoroscopy time (femoral vs radial 1095 vs 1125 seconds, P nonsgnificant), but radiation doses were greater (43.87 ± 2.83 Gy/cm(2) vs 56.92 ± 4.52 Gy/cm(2), P = .012) as was body mass index in the radial group (27.99 ± 0.33 vs 29.05 ± 0.42, P = .048). Three femoral access patients had vascular access complications, whereas the radial route group had none. There were no differences in no flow/slow flow (femoral 3.86% vs radial 2.54%, P nonsignificant). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the radial access cohort (1.09 vs 2.09 days, P < .001). Three patients converted from radial to femoral artery, whereas one converted from femoral to radial after technical failure to complete the procedure.

CONCLUSION: Saphenous vein graft PCI can be safely and effectively performed via radial artery access with comparable fluoroscopy times but not radiation doses. Of clinical significance, use of the radial artery access was associated with decreased hospital stay and arterial complications. These data suggest that a routine radial approach for SVG PCI is feasible and could offer clinical and economic benefits.