Prevalence of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and its correlates in school going children of Lucknow.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) and its correlates in school going children of Lucknow.

METHODS: It is a cross-sectional school based study conducted in a random sample of 1212 school going children of Lucknow belonging to the middle socioeconomic strata. Data was collected via questionnaire designed for parents. Detailed urological history was obtained and physical examination done in the children whose parents answered the questionnaire. The chi-square test was used to compare the categorical/dichotomous indicators and backward logistic regression was used to find out the significant risk factors for monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.

RESULTS: Study reports the prevalence of PMNE to be 12.6 % (95 % CI = 10.9-14.3 %) and significant association of enuresis with the presence of home conflicts(adjusted OR = 38.37, 95 % CI = 20.04-73.47), stress in children due to enuresis(adjusted OR = 10.86, 95%CI = 5.73-20.57), scolding(adjusted OR = 6.78,95%CI = 3.69-12.44), parental history of enuresis(adjusted OR = 3.57, 95%CI = 1.96-6.50), poor scholastic performance(adjusted OR = 2.88,95 % = 1.49-5.56), age 6-8 y (adjusted OR = 13.80,95%CI = 4.38-43.45) and living with single parent (adjusted OR = 0.34, 95%CI = 0.17-0.68). Prevalence of monosymptmatic nocturnal enuresis MNE was 17.9 % (p = 0.001) among children who were not exclusively breastfed till 6 mo of age in the index study.

CONCLUSIONS: Enuresis is a pediatric health problem with high prevalence. Parental awareness needs to be created about this condition.