Tumescent technique in digits: a subcutaneous single-injection digital block.

BACKGROUND: A modified subcutaneous single-injection approach to achieve digital block using a tumescent technique is described.

METHOD: A convenient sample of patients requiring digital anesthesia for minor surgical procedures on the fingers or thumb in the emergency and plastic departments were enrolled into the study. Digital nerve block was performed by injecting 1% lidocaine into the volar subcutaneous space at the proximal digit to create a firm, turgid feel to the tissue, the so-called tumescent state. The volume of anesthetic was based on the size of the digit. All nerve blocks were performed by 1 surgeon. Successful digital anesthesia was defined as complete loss of pinprick sensation on both the dorsal and volar aspects of the digit and the ability to complete the anticipated minor surgical procedure without pain. All patients were followed for 1 month to assess for adverse events.

RESULT: Between August 2009 and January 2011, 123 patients (123 digits) requiring digital anesthesia were enrolled into the study. Thirty-nine (32%) were volar lesions, and 84 (68%) were dorsal lesions. The tumescent technique single-injection digital block was successful in all digits. No adverse events were reported.

CONCLUSION: The tumescent technique in digits to achieve a single-injection digital nerve block is an easy, safe and effective method for digital anesthesia. These data confirm the applicability of the tumescent technique in digits for patients with finger and thumb injuries or tumors that require minor surgical procedures.