Patient perspectives on use of long-acting antipsychotics in bipolar disorder: focus on risperidone injection.

In the last few years, oral second-generation antipsychotics have demonstrated mood-stabilizing properties and are now widely used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Unfortunately, treatment of this chronic and complex illness is hampered with poor adherence on the part of patients. Long-acting injectable formulations of second-generation antipsychotics could combine the effect of oral second-generation antipsychotics in patients with bipolar disorder and the benefits of depot formulation with the assurance of steady medication delivery and thereby improve adherence. In this context, the efficacy and tolerance of risperidone long-acting injection (RLAI) for maintenance treatment in patients with bipolar disorder is assessed. The relevant studies found RLAI to be effective in preventive treatment of manic but not depressive recurrences in bipolar patients, with good tolerance. RLAI appeared to be particularly suitable for patients with known poor adherence to treatment or severe bipolar disorder (such as patients who relapse frequently). Lastly, if RLAI, unlike the first-generation antipsychotics, does not induce depressive symptoms, the different studies do not enable us to consider its use in monotherapy in the preventive treatment of patients with depressive polarity. Long-acting second-generation antipsychotics in bipolar patients are therefore associated with long-term benefits, but their use in clinical practice needs to be improved.