The function of the midtarsal joint: a review of the literature.

The midtarsal joint (MTJt) consists of the combined articulations of the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints and represents the functional articulation between the rearfoot (talus and calcaneus) and the midfoot (navicular and cuboid). The movement of the transverse tarsal region has been described as a segment rotating around two distinct axes of the MTJt; the longitudinal and the oblique. Recent research has suggested that the two axes model of the MTJt is a theory of convenience to explain clinical observation, and that the MTJt moves in a more complex manner. It has been hypothesised that the MTJt has one triplanar axis of motion, so there remains the need to investigate the practical application of this understanding in terms of how this motion affects the MTJt in gait and the implications this may have on podiatric treatment.