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JOURNAL ARTICLE
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T
Optimal growth and lower fat mass in preterm infants fed a protein-enriched postdischarge formula.
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2010 Februrary
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postdischarge formulas with extra energy and protein improve short-term growth but may also influence long-term body composition in an unwanted manner. Energy- and protein-enriched formulas with an increased protein-to-energy ratio improves gain of lean mass. The objective of the study was to investigate whether feeding a nutrient-enriched formula without extra energy after term, usually 3 to 4 weeks after discharge, would influence growth and body composition in infancy.
METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial preterm infants were fed fortified human milk or preterm formula until term. At term, 102 infants were randomized to a nutrient-enriched formula without extra energy or standard formula until 6 months corrected age. Twenty-six infants received unfortified human milk after term. At term and 6 months corrected age, anthropometry and a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan were performed. Lean and fat mass (FM) were corrected for height.
RESULTS: There were no differences in growth or body size between the feeding groups. Infants fed the enriched formula gained less FM and had lower FM corrected for body size at 6 months corrected age than infants fed standard formula. Infants fed human milk had lower lean mass and higher FM corrected for body size at 6 months corrected age than formula-fed infants.
CONCLUSIONS: Feeding nutrient-enriched formula without extra energy after term does not change quantity of growth but does influence type of weight gain and body composition of preterm infants. Infants fed the nutrient-enriched formula had lower FM corrected for body size at 6 months corrected age than infants fed standard formula or human milk.
METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial preterm infants were fed fortified human milk or preterm formula until term. At term, 102 infants were randomized to a nutrient-enriched formula without extra energy or standard formula until 6 months corrected age. Twenty-six infants received unfortified human milk after term. At term and 6 months corrected age, anthropometry and a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan were performed. Lean and fat mass (FM) were corrected for height.
RESULTS: There were no differences in growth or body size between the feeding groups. Infants fed the enriched formula gained less FM and had lower FM corrected for body size at 6 months corrected age than infants fed standard formula. Infants fed human milk had lower lean mass and higher FM corrected for body size at 6 months corrected age than formula-fed infants.
CONCLUSIONS: Feeding nutrient-enriched formula without extra energy after term does not change quantity of growth but does influence type of weight gain and body composition of preterm infants. Infants fed the nutrient-enriched formula had lower FM corrected for body size at 6 months corrected age than infants fed standard formula or human milk.
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