Investigation on solar photocatalytic degradation of various dyes in the presence of Er(3+):YAlO(3)/ZnO-TiO(2) composite.

In this work, Er(3+):YAlO(3)/ZnO-TiO(2) and ZnO-TiO(2) composites were prepared by the ultrasonic dispersion and liquid boiling method. In succession, they were then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Acid red B as a model dye compound was degraded under solar light irradiation to evaluate the photocatalytic activities of the Er(3+):YAlO(3)/ZnO-TiO(2) and ZnO-TiO(2) composites. We found that the photocatalytic activity of ZnO-TiO(2) composite can be enhanced by adding an appropriate amount of Er(3+):YAlO(3). We reviewed influencing factors, such as Er(3+):YAlO(3) content, heat-treated temperature and heat-treated time on the photocatalytic activity of the Er(3+):YAlO(3)/ZnO-TiO(2) composites. In addition, the effects of solar light irradiation time, dye initial concentration, Er(3+):YAlO(3)/ZnO-TiO(2) amount and solution acidity on the photocatalytic degradation of acid red B dye in aqueous solution were investigated in detail. Simultaneously, the degradation and comparison of other dyes such as methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (RM-B), azo fuchsine (AF), congo red (CG-R) and methyl blue (MB) were also reviewed. In addition, we attempted to explore both the principle of possible excitation of Er(3+):YAlO(3)/ZnO-TiO(2) under solar light irradiation and the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation.