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Journal Article
Review
The role of the prostatic stroma in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.] 2009 December
OBJECTIVE: To confirm the hypothesis of prostatic stromal involvement in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review to analyze mechanisms commonly indicated as a cause of CP/CPPS that can interfere with the processes of cell growth of smooth muscle fibrocells and may cause smooth muscle cell hypertrophy, periurethral edema, and inflammation.
RESULTS: Our review strongly suggests a prevalent stromal involvement, specifically of the smooth muscle cells, in CP/CPPS physiopathology. The involvement of the endocrine system, in particular the role of estrogens, the neurological pathway mediated by noradrenalin, and the presence of inflammation, support the hypothesis that CP/CPPS could be a disease with a prevalent role of smooth muscle stromal cells rather than glandular structures. Neurogenous inflammation, oxidative stress and psychological factors may be involved in the chronic nature of the disease.
CONCLUSIONS: We believe that new studies regarding chronic prostatitis should also be focused on prostatic stromal involvement in the inflammatory pathway.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review to analyze mechanisms commonly indicated as a cause of CP/CPPS that can interfere with the processes of cell growth of smooth muscle fibrocells and may cause smooth muscle cell hypertrophy, periurethral edema, and inflammation.
RESULTS: Our review strongly suggests a prevalent stromal involvement, specifically of the smooth muscle cells, in CP/CPPS physiopathology. The involvement of the endocrine system, in particular the role of estrogens, the neurological pathway mediated by noradrenalin, and the presence of inflammation, support the hypothesis that CP/CPPS could be a disease with a prevalent role of smooth muscle stromal cells rather than glandular structures. Neurogenous inflammation, oxidative stress and psychological factors may be involved in the chronic nature of the disease.
CONCLUSIONS: We believe that new studies regarding chronic prostatitis should also be focused on prostatic stromal involvement in the inflammatory pathway.
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