MOC-PSSM CME article: Face lifting.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand and describe preoperative medical conditions pertinent to patient selection in facial rejuvenation. 2. Understand and describe anatomical and aesthetic changes that occur with facial aging and how they affect surgical treatment planning. 3. Understand and describe operative approaches to the aging face. 4. Understand and describe the avoidance and treatment of complications following face lifting.

SUMMARY: Surgical rejuvenation of the aging face has evolved into one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgery procedures. Although there are many techniques that are used in facial rejuvenation, the key to consistent results is not technique but rather the surgeon's ability to individualize the treatment plan according to the aesthetic needs of the patient. To ensure safety, preoperative medical conditions need to be both well defined and stabilized preoperatively, and procedures are best performed with anesthesia supervision. Consistency in postoperative result is obtainable through a thorough understanding of facial soft-tissue anatomy, the anatomical changes that occur with aging, and an appreciation of the technical nuances required to reposition descended soft tissues toward the anatomical position of youth. Recognition of potential complications and an appreciation of how to both limit and manage them when they occur are imperative in delivering a satisfying outcome for both patient and physician.