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JOURNAL ARTICLE
RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL
TWIN STUDY
Changes in genetic and environmental influences on disordered eating across adolescence: a longitudinal twin study.
Archives of General Psychiatry 2007 December
CONTEXT: Previous research suggests substantial increases in genetic effects on disordered eating across adolescence. Unfortunately, these studies were cross-sectional and focused primarily on early (age 11 years) vs late (age 17 years) adolescence.
OBJECTIVE: To examine longitudinal changes in genetic and environmental influences on disordered eating across early, mid, and late adolescence.
DESIGN AND SETTING: Population-based study of female same-sex twins.
PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred seventy-two female adolescent twins from the Minnesota Twin Family Study assessed at ages 11, 14, and 18 years.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disordered eating symptoms (ie, body dissatisfaction, weight preoccupation, binge eating, and the use of compensatory behaviors) were assessed with the total score from the Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey.
RESULTS: Biometric model-fitting indicated significant changes in genetic and shared environmental effects across early to mid adolescence. Although genetic factors accounted for a negligible proportion (6%) of variance at age 11 years, genes increased in importance and accounted for roughly half of the variance (46%) in disordered eating at ages 14 and 18 years. Shared environmental influences decreased substantially across these same ages.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the transition from early to mid adolescence as a critical time for the emergence of a genetic diathesis for disordered eating. The increase in genetic effects during this developmental stage corroborates previous research implicating puberty in the genetic etiology of eating disorders.
OBJECTIVE: To examine longitudinal changes in genetic and environmental influences on disordered eating across early, mid, and late adolescence.
DESIGN AND SETTING: Population-based study of female same-sex twins.
PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred seventy-two female adolescent twins from the Minnesota Twin Family Study assessed at ages 11, 14, and 18 years.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disordered eating symptoms (ie, body dissatisfaction, weight preoccupation, binge eating, and the use of compensatory behaviors) were assessed with the total score from the Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey.
RESULTS: Biometric model-fitting indicated significant changes in genetic and shared environmental effects across early to mid adolescence. Although genetic factors accounted for a negligible proportion (6%) of variance at age 11 years, genes increased in importance and accounted for roughly half of the variance (46%) in disordered eating at ages 14 and 18 years. Shared environmental influences decreased substantially across these same ages.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the transition from early to mid adolescence as a critical time for the emergence of a genetic diathesis for disordered eating. The increase in genetic effects during this developmental stage corroborates previous research implicating puberty in the genetic etiology of eating disorders.
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