ACGME duty-hour restrictions decrease resident operative volume: a 5-year comparison at an ACGME-accredited university general surgery residency.

OBJECTIVE: We compared the operative experience of chief residents at the Michigan State University Integrated Residency Program in General Surgery before and after duty-hour restrictions mandated by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Conflicting evidence exists regarding the influence of duty-hour restrictions upon resident operative experience.

METHODS: Resident self-reported operative experience submitted to the Residency Review Committee (RRC) for Surgery was tabulated. To control for a possible overall decrease in surgical procedures, for example, a decrease in referrals to the institution, the departmental database of surgical billings that is maintained independently from resident operative experience data also was reviewed.

RESULTS: An overall decrease of nearly 20% occurred in resident operative volume after promulgation of duty-hour restrictions. All residents met minimum RRC operative experience requirements. Over the same period, no decrease was found in the number surgical procedures performed by the department.

CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that restriction of resident duty hours is associated with a significant decrease in operative experience.