Association between small dense low-density lipoprotein and postprandial accumulation of triglyceride-rich remnant-like particles in normotriglyceridemic patients with myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: Although the small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) is associated with hypertriglyceridemia, more than 60% of myocardial infarction (MI) patients are normotriglyceridemic in the fasting state. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) phenotype and postprandial hyperlipemia (PPL) in MI patients.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Oral fat tolerance tests were performed in 71 patients with acute MI and fasting triglyceride concentrations below 200 mg/dl. Postprandial changes in the LDL particle diameter (LDL-PD) and lipids over a 6-h period after a meal were compared among 4 groups of patients classified according to fasting triglyceride levels (A, B as <150, and C, D as > or =150) and postprandial triglyceride levels (A, C as <230 and B, D as > or =230). Although fasting concentrations of triglyceride and remnant-like particle (RLP)-triglyceride were significantly higher in group C than in group B, the areas under the curves of the RLPs were significantly higher in group B. The triglyceride-to-cholesterol ratio in the RLPs was significantly higher in the PPL group than in the nonPPL group postprandially. The prevalence of sd-LDL (LDL-PD < or =25.5 nm) was significantly higher in group D but similar between groups B and C (23%, 42%, 50% and 83% in groups A, B, C and D, respectively).

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that postprandial accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins is strongly associated with sd-LDL in MI patients without hypertriglyceridemia.