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COMPARATIVE STUDY
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Analysis of screw pullout strength: a function of screw orientation in subtalar joint arthrodesis.
Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery 2004 September
The purpose of this cadaveric study was to compare the pullout strength and failure load of 2 different screw orientations for subtalar arthrodesis. Twenty-six specimens from 13 cadaver donors (1 left and 1 right each) were used. A 7.3- x 65-mm long-thread profile (32-mm length) cannulated screw inserted into the calcaneus from dorsal to plantar (calcaneal specimens) was compared with a 7.3- x 65-mm short-thread profile (16-mm length) cannulated screw inserted into the talus from plantar to dorsal (talar specimens). A torque screwdriver with a calibrated electronic vernier scale measured the torque of screw insertion. Screw pullout strength and load failure were measured by using a servohydraulic materials testing machine. Distraction was applied along the axis of the screw at a displacement rate of 25 mm/min. The peak torque of insertion in all calcaneal specimens was reached on initial insertion through the dorsal subchondral bone plate of the calcaneus; in talar specimens, it was reached as the screw threads were completely buried into the talus. A significant difference (P = .00647) was found between the mean torque of insertion for the calcaneal (1.50 Nm) and talar specimens (1.30 Nm). A comparison of pullout forces showed a significantly stronger mean failure load for calcaneal specimens (P = .000085). The mean failure load for paired calcaneal specimens was 1782 N compared with a mean 1245 N for talar specimens. Although the pullout force was clearly greater in the dorsal-to-plantar screw application, the pullout force in the plantar-to-dorsal orientation was also considerable.
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