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Botox: beyond wrinkles

Jean Carruthers, Alastair Carruthers

Clinics in Dermatology 2004, 22 (1): 89-93

First used and approved over a decade ago for the treatment of strabismus (or misaligned eyes), botulinum toxin (BTX) has demonstrated efficacy in blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, spastic lower eyelid entropion, and a number of other disorders seen in the traditional medical environment that are characterized by abnormal muscle contraction. Moreover, other conditions-notably some pain and gastrointestinal disorders-have responded to BTX injections.

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