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Calcium and vitamin D depletion and elevated parathyroid hormone following biliopancreatic diversion.
Obesity Surgery 2003 December
BACKGROUND: Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is associated with a 70% excess weight loss (EWL) at 10 years, but there are concerns regarding long-term nutritional sequelae. Metabolic bone disease has been documented following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
METHODS: Patients who underwent a BPD from 1998 to 2001 were studied. A questionnaire was designed to review BPD patients and collect information on weight loss, frequency of gastrointestinal disturbances and compliance with multivitamin recommendations. The review included a blood test for vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium.
RESULTS: Of the 82 patients who underwent BPD during this period, the median %EWL at 36 months was 73.0%. 75.6% suffered diarrhea. At median follow-up of 32 months (18-50), 25.9% of patients were hypocalcemic, 50% had low vitamin D, 23.8% had elevated ALP, and 63.1% had elevated PTH, despite 82.9% taking multivitamins.
CONCLUSION: BPD results in significant weight loss. However, 1 in 4 patients are hypocalcemic, and 1 in 2 have a low vitamin D, despite multivitamin supplementation. BPD patients require routine calcium and vitamin D supplementation for life. Long-term sequelae from these abnormal serum levels are not known.
METHODS: Patients who underwent a BPD from 1998 to 2001 were studied. A questionnaire was designed to review BPD patients and collect information on weight loss, frequency of gastrointestinal disturbances and compliance with multivitamin recommendations. The review included a blood test for vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium.
RESULTS: Of the 82 patients who underwent BPD during this period, the median %EWL at 36 months was 73.0%. 75.6% suffered diarrhea. At median follow-up of 32 months (18-50), 25.9% of patients were hypocalcemic, 50% had low vitamin D, 23.8% had elevated ALP, and 63.1% had elevated PTH, despite 82.9% taking multivitamins.
CONCLUSION: BPD results in significant weight loss. However, 1 in 4 patients are hypocalcemic, and 1 in 2 have a low vitamin D, despite multivitamin supplementation. BPD patients require routine calcium and vitamin D supplementation for life. Long-term sequelae from these abnormal serum levels are not known.
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