[Requirements and quality of health promotion in the workplace--evaluation study].

This paper presents the results of an attempt to assess the quality of voluntary activities aimed at improving the workers' health in Polish large and medium-sized enterprises in view of the health promotion requirements. Based on the data collected via a questionnaire mailed to enterprises selected at random in 1998 (147 enterprises), 2000 (755 enterprises) and 2001 (215 enterprises) the determinants of the health promotion quality are discussed. A long standing tradition to protect the workers' health was reported by 50% of enterprises as the major reason for undertaking health promotion activities. Only 25% of enterprises described their activities as health promotion understood as a tool for supporting their market strategy through well coordinated voluntary actions aimed at improving health and well-being of their employees, however, 85% of respondents reported the implementation of various health conducive programs. The most frequent failures of health-oriented activities to be of a required standard are: (a) regarding these activities as those of little importance compared with the enterprise priorities; (b) lack of a special section responsible for health promotion issues in an enterprise; (c) ignoring the employees' right to participate in planning and evaluating health promotion programs, which means that they are perceived as passive service recipients or passive performers of tasks assigned to them; (d) lack of cohesive approach towards health problems and strong belief that all the goals can be achieved through restrictions or education without any support; and (e) reluctance of enterprises to evaluate the organization, implementation and outcomes of health conductive activities. The major obstacle to health promotion is lack of money (reported by 60% of enterprises) and lack of statutory obligations (reported by more than 50% of enterprises). The former is usually reported by enterprises that are not active in this field, and the latter is an obstacle to enterprises that have invested in workplace promotion programs.