Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and Alzheimer disease in community-dwelling elderly patients.

OBJECTIVE: Recently, greater attention has been paid to the role of inflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the mechanism by which anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) might slow the progression of AD is not completely known. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between NSAIDs use and AD in a large sample of community-dwelling elderly people.

METHODS: In a cross-sectional retrospective study, the authors analyzed data on patients admitted to home care programs. A total of 12 home health agencies participated in the project, with a total of 2,708 patients enrolled in the present study. The main outcome measures were the prevalence of AD and use of NSAIDs treatment.

RESULTS: Compared with all non-users, NSAID users had a nearly 50% lower risk of being affected by AD. Separate multivariate analyses of subjects receiving different types of NSAIDs found a significantly decreased risk of cognitive impairment associated with non-aspirin NSAID use, whereas, among subjects taking aspirin, the difference in estimated risk did not reach statistical significance.

CONCLUSION: The results of this population-based cross-sectional study are consistent with the notion that long-term NSAIDs use has a protective effect against AD. However, after possible confounding effects of age and several other variables potentially associated with cognitive impairment were controlled, this association was statistically significant only for non-aspirin NSAIDs use.