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JOURNAL ARTICLE
RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T
Effect of end-inspiratory pause duration on plateau pressure in mechanically ventilated patients.
Intensive Care Medicine 2003 January
OBJECTIVE: To compare the values of plateau pressure (Pplat) recorded at different times after end-inspiratory occlusion and those of static elastance (Est,rs) and total resistance (Rrs) of the respiratory system.
DESIGN: Physiological study.
SETTING: Medical intensive care unit of a university hospital.
PATIENTS: Eleven patients with ARDS and ten patients with COPD requiring tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were investigated. COPD patients were investigated on zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) and ARDS patients on both ZEEP and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP).
MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Respiratory mechanics were assessed using the rapid airway occlusion technique. Tracheal pressure (Ptr) was measured downstream the endotracheal tube. Ptr was recorded 0.5 s, 1 s, 2 s, 3 s, and 5 s after a 5-s end-inspiratory occlusion. Est,rs and Rrs were computed at the same times using standard formula. In ARDS patients on ZEEP, Pplat amounted to 20+/-5, 20+/-5, 19+/-5, 19+/-5, and 18+/-5 cmH(2)O at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 s, respectively (P <0.001). In COPD patients, these values were 18+/-4 cmH(2)O, 17+/-4 cmH(2)O, 17+/-4 cmH(2)O, 16+/-4 cmH(2)O, and 16+/-4 cmH(2)O (P <0.001). Except for one ARDS patient on PEEP, Pplat was always less than 35 cmH(2)O, regardless of the time of measurement. As compared to 5 s, measurements at 0.5 s resulted in overestimation of Est,rs by 14% and 29% and in underestimation of Rrs by 34% and 24%, in ARDS and COPD patients, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Very early post-occlusion values of Pplat were statistically greater than at 3 s or 5 s. This probably has no major impact on the occurrence of volutrauma. Clinicians must be aware, however, that Est,rs and Rrs are greatly modified by the time of recording of Pplat.
DESIGN: Physiological study.
SETTING: Medical intensive care unit of a university hospital.
PATIENTS: Eleven patients with ARDS and ten patients with COPD requiring tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were investigated. COPD patients were investigated on zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) and ARDS patients on both ZEEP and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP).
MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Respiratory mechanics were assessed using the rapid airway occlusion technique. Tracheal pressure (Ptr) was measured downstream the endotracheal tube. Ptr was recorded 0.5 s, 1 s, 2 s, 3 s, and 5 s after a 5-s end-inspiratory occlusion. Est,rs and Rrs were computed at the same times using standard formula. In ARDS patients on ZEEP, Pplat amounted to 20+/-5, 20+/-5, 19+/-5, 19+/-5, and 18+/-5 cmH(2)O at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 s, respectively (P <0.001). In COPD patients, these values were 18+/-4 cmH(2)O, 17+/-4 cmH(2)O, 17+/-4 cmH(2)O, 16+/-4 cmH(2)O, and 16+/-4 cmH(2)O (P <0.001). Except for one ARDS patient on PEEP, Pplat was always less than 35 cmH(2)O, regardless of the time of measurement. As compared to 5 s, measurements at 0.5 s resulted in overestimation of Est,rs by 14% and 29% and in underestimation of Rrs by 34% and 24%, in ARDS and COPD patients, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Very early post-occlusion values of Pplat were statistically greater than at 3 s or 5 s. This probably has no major impact on the occurrence of volutrauma. Clinicians must be aware, however, that Est,rs and Rrs are greatly modified by the time of recording of Pplat.
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