We have located links that may give you full text access.
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Inflammation at the insertion site is not predictive of catheter-related bloodstream infection with short-term, noncuffed central venous catheters.
Critical Care Medicine 2002 December
BACKGROUND: Noncuffed, percutaneously inserted central venous catheters (CVCs) are widely used and cause at least 250,000 bloodstream infections (BSIs) in U.S. hospitals each year. We report a prospective study to determine whether inflammation at the insertion site is predictive of CVC-related BSI.
METHODS: Percutaneously inserted, noncuffed CVCs inserted into the subclavian, internal jugular, or femoral vein in two randomized trials during 1998-2000 were prospectively studied; most patients were in an intensive care unit. The condition of the insertion site was evaluated daily by research nurses, quantifying pain (0, 1), erythema (0-2), swelling (0, 1), and purulence (0, 1); the lowest possible overall inflammation score was 0 and the highest was 5. CVC-related BSI was confirmed in each case by demonstrating concordance between isolates from the catheter segment and from blood cultures by restriction-fragment DNA subtyping.
RESULTS: Among 1,263 CVCs prospectively studied, 333 (26.3%) were colonized at removal; of these, 35 catheters (2.7%) caused BSIs (5.9 per 1000 CVC days). BSIs were caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 27), enterococci (n = 4), enteric Gram-negative bacilli (n = 3), or (n = 1). Most insertion sites showed little or no inflammation at the time of removal. There were no significant differences among mean scores for each inflammatory variable examined or overall score among colonized CVCs (0.1 +/- 0.1), catheters causing CVC-related BSI (0.2 +/- 0.4), and noncolonized CVCs (0.1 +/- 0.1). The sensitivity of local inflammation for diagnosis of CVC-related BSI was dismal (0-3%).
CONCLUSION: Local inflammation is uncommon with infected CVCs, probably because most catheter-associated infections are currently caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, a pathogen that incites little local or systemic inflammation. Whereas overt inflammation of the insertion site should raise suspicion of CVC-related BSI caused by or Gram-negative bacilli, especially if the patient has fever or other signs of sepsis, in general, site appearance cannot be relied on to identify catheter colonization or CVC-related BSI.
METHODS: Percutaneously inserted, noncuffed CVCs inserted into the subclavian, internal jugular, or femoral vein in two randomized trials during 1998-2000 were prospectively studied; most patients were in an intensive care unit. The condition of the insertion site was evaluated daily by research nurses, quantifying pain (0, 1), erythema (0-2), swelling (0, 1), and purulence (0, 1); the lowest possible overall inflammation score was 0 and the highest was 5. CVC-related BSI was confirmed in each case by demonstrating concordance between isolates from the catheter segment and from blood cultures by restriction-fragment DNA subtyping.
RESULTS: Among 1,263 CVCs prospectively studied, 333 (26.3%) were colonized at removal; of these, 35 catheters (2.7%) caused BSIs (5.9 per 1000 CVC days). BSIs were caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 27), enterococci (n = 4), enteric Gram-negative bacilli (n = 3), or (n = 1). Most insertion sites showed little or no inflammation at the time of removal. There were no significant differences among mean scores for each inflammatory variable examined or overall score among colonized CVCs (0.1 +/- 0.1), catheters causing CVC-related BSI (0.2 +/- 0.4), and noncolonized CVCs (0.1 +/- 0.1). The sensitivity of local inflammation for diagnosis of CVC-related BSI was dismal (0-3%).
CONCLUSION: Local inflammation is uncommon with infected CVCs, probably because most catheter-associated infections are currently caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, a pathogen that incites little local or systemic inflammation. Whereas overt inflammation of the insertion site should raise suspicion of CVC-related BSI caused by or Gram-negative bacilli, especially if the patient has fever or other signs of sepsis, in general, site appearance cannot be relied on to identify catheter colonization or CVC-related BSI.
Full text links
Related Resources
Trending Papers
Challenges in Septic Shock: From New Hemodynamics to Blood Purification Therapies.Journal of Personalized Medicine 2024 Februrary 4
Molecular Targets of Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Kidney Disease: A New Era of Nephroprotection.International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024 April 4
The 'Ten Commandments' for the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of endocarditis.European Heart Journal 2024 April 18
A Guide to the Use of Vasopressors and Inotropes for Patients in Shock.Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 2024 April 14
Diagnosis and Management of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Circulation 2024 April 19
Essential thrombocythaemia: A contemporary approach with new drugs on the horizon.British Journal of Haematology 2024 April 9
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app