[Dysphagia in patients with disorders of the nervous system--comparison of a nasogastric tube with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy].

Dysphagia is frequently encountered in patients with acute affections of the nervous system (cerebrovascular attacks, craniocerebral injuries) and in chronic nervous diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson s disease, dementia). To these patients enteral nutrition must be administered. If the perspective of dysphagia is short (several days) then nutrition by a nasogastric tube is fully indicated and sufficient. In cases of more prolonged dysphagia and in patients with a long perspective of dysphagia percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is indicated. Both these methods of enteral nutrition have their advantages and disadvantages which are manifested in different ways in patients with disorders of the nervous system. The authors compared 62 patients hospitalized in the course of 4.5 years at the neurological department who had PEG with 72 patients who had nasogastric tubes and were hospitalized at the neurological intensive care unit in the course of one year. The authors evaluated the different indications for application, the incidence of complications and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods.