CLINICAL TRIAL
JOURNAL ARTICLE
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
RESEARCH SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.
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Maternal outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of a community-based support program for families of children with chronic illnesses.

BACKGROUND: Parents of children with chronic illnesses are at high risk for secondary mental health problems, such as anxiety and depression.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal outcomes of a support intervention for families of children with selected chronic illnesses.

DESIGN: A randomized controlled clinical trial design with repeated measures 1 year apart.

SETTING: A community-based family support intervention linked to subspecialty and general pediatric clinics and practices in a metropolitan area.

PARTICIPANTS: A population-based sample of 193 mothers of children aged 7 to 11 years; the children were diagnosed as having diabetes, sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, or moderate to severe asthma. About 15% of the persons contacted refused to participate in the research, and 14% of the families were lost to follow-up.

INTERVENTION: The 15-month intervention, the Family-to-Family Network, was designed to enhance mothers' mental health by linking mothers of school-aged children with selected chronic illnesses with mothers of older children with the same condition. The program included telephone contacts, face-to-face visits, and special family events.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Beck Depression Inventory score and the Psychiatric Symptom Index.

RESULTS: Maternal anxiety scores for participants in the experimental group decreased during the intervention period for all diagnostic groups and for the total group; scores for the control group increased (F = 5.07, P =.03). In multiple regression analyses, the intervention group was a significant predictor of posttest anxiety scores (P =.03). Effects were greater for mothers with high baseline anxiety (P<.001) and for those who were themselves in poor health (P<.01).

CONCLUSIONS: A family support intervention can have beneficial effects on the mental health status of mothers of children with chronic illnesses. This type of intervention can be implemented in diverse pediatric settings.

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