Clinical features of survivors of sexual abuse with major depression.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined differences in rates of trauma-related disorders between patients with histories of childhood sexual abuse and those without such histories in a sample of depressed outpatients. Another aim of this study was to determine whether childhood sexual abuse is associated with recent suicidal attempts, affect dysregulation and duration of index depressive episode, independent of posttraumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder.

METHOD: Subjects were 235 treatment-seeking outpatients with major depression. Structured interviews were administered to assess for Axis I and Axis II disorders, childhood sexual abuse, and various clinical features.

RESULTS: Patients with sexual abuse compared to those without sexual abuse histories had higher rates of comorbidity, primarily borderline personality disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and multiple Axis I diagnoses. Childhood sexual abuse status was linked to a longer duration of the index depressive episode, independent of borderline personality disorder and/or posttraumatic stress disorder. However, childhood sexual abuse status was not independently related to affect dysregulation and suicidal attempts.

CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that patients with histories of sexual abuse represent a subgroup of depressed patients who are at especially high risk for psychiatric morbidity and a prolonged episode of depression.