REVIEW
Tubal sterilization: focus on the U.S. experience.
Fertility and Sterility 2000 May
OBJECTIVE: To review the frequency, effectiveness, and clinical sequelae of tubal sterilization with a focus on the U.S. experience.
DESIGN: A review of U.S. health care statistics and English-language literature using a MEDLINE search, bibliographies of key references, and U.S. government publications.
PATIENT(S): Women seeking tubal sterilization.
INTERVENTION: Tubal sterilization.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Effectiveness and long-term risks and benefits.
RESULT(S): Half of the 700,000 annual bilateral tubal sterilizations (TS) are performed postpartum and half as ambulatory interval procedures. Eleven million U.S. women 15-44 years of age rely on TS for contraception. Failure rates vary by method with one third or more resulting in ectopic pregnancy. Reversal is most successful after use of methods that destroy the least tube. Evidence of menstrual or hormonal disturbance after TS is weak, although some studies find higher rates of hysterectomy among previously sterilized women. Decreased risk of subsequent ovarian cancer has been observed among sterilized women.
CONCLUSION(S): Tubal sterilization is highly effective and safe. Failures, although uncommon, occur at higher rates than previously appreciated. Evidence for hormonal or menstrual changes due to TS is weak. Tubal sterilization is associated with decreased risk of ovarian cancer.
DESIGN: A review of U.S. health care statistics and English-language literature using a MEDLINE search, bibliographies of key references, and U.S. government publications.
PATIENT(S): Women seeking tubal sterilization.
INTERVENTION: Tubal sterilization.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Effectiveness and long-term risks and benefits.
RESULT(S): Half of the 700,000 annual bilateral tubal sterilizations (TS) are performed postpartum and half as ambulatory interval procedures. Eleven million U.S. women 15-44 years of age rely on TS for contraception. Failure rates vary by method with one third or more resulting in ectopic pregnancy. Reversal is most successful after use of methods that destroy the least tube. Evidence of menstrual or hormonal disturbance after TS is weak, although some studies find higher rates of hysterectomy among previously sterilized women. Decreased risk of subsequent ovarian cancer has been observed among sterilized women.
CONCLUSION(S): Tubal sterilization is highly effective and safe. Failures, although uncommon, occur at higher rates than previously appreciated. Evidence for hormonal or menstrual changes due to TS is weak. Tubal sterilization is associated with decreased risk of ovarian cancer.
Full text links
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
Read by QxMD is copyright © 2021 QxMD Software Inc. All rights reserved. By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app