Malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant therapy for ovarian germ cell tumors.

METHODS: We reviewed records of women who had malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary from 1977-1997.

RESULTS: Seventy-two women had surgical resections of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors and most received adjuvant therapy. Fifty-six women (78%) presented with stage I disease, and 16 (22%) had more advanced disease. Tumor subtypes included dysgerminoma (n = 20), yolk sac tumor (n = 8), immature teratoma (n = 29) and mixed germ cell tumor (n = 15). Surgical management of the 56 with stage I disease consisted of total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and extensive surgical staging in ten women, whereas a conservative surgical approach, consisting of unilateral adnexectomy with or without comprehensive surgical staging, was adopted in later years (n = 46). Fifty-six women were treated with postoperative chemotherapy, predominantly platinum-based regimens. The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 93%. None of the 36 women who presented after 1984 have died of disease.

CONCLUSION: These data confirmed that platinum-based adjuvant treatments allow most women with ovarian germ cell malignancies to have conservative surgery without compromising survival.