Chemotherapy for breast carcinoma during pregnancy: A French national survey.

BACKGROUND: During pregnancy, the need for maternal chemotherapy for breast carcinoma must be balanced against the fetal risk because modification of cancer therapy to assure the birth of a healthy infant may affect maternal prognosis adversely. To the authors' knowledge few studies have documented the oncologic and obstetric management of this association.

METHODS: A retrospective nationwide survey was used to identify women treated with chemotherapy for breast carcinoma during pregnancy. Each member of the Société Française d'Oncologie Gynécologique and the Société Française de Sénologie et de Pathologie Mammaire completed a postal questionnaire regarding cancer staging, oncologic treatment, obstetric details, pregnancy outcome, fetal behavior, and postdelivery follow-up. Twenty women were accrued to the study.

RESULTS: The mean gestational age at the first cycle of treatment was 26 weeks. A total of 38 cycles were administered during pregnancy, with a median of 2 cycles. Delivery was performed at a mean of 34.7 weeks. Two pregnancies that were exposed to chemotherapy during the first trimester resulted in spontaneous abortion. One pregnancy exposed in the second trimester resulted in intrauterine death. The remaining 17 pregnancies resulted in live births, although 3 women had complications related to chemotherapy (anemia, leukopenia, and fetal growth retardation) and 1 newborn died 8 days after birth without apparent etiology. Two newborns had complications related to prematurity (transient respiratory distress). At a mean follow-up of 42.3 months, all live infants were reported to have reached normal developmental milestones.

CONCLUSIONS: The current study found that even when chemotherapy was initiated after the first trimester, 95% of the pregnancies resulted in live births with low related morbidity in the newborns.