Adenovirus 36

Traditional diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis is based on culture, microscopy and antigen detection. The development of gastrointestinal syndromic panels based on molecular techniques have allowed rapid and simultaneous identification of multiple pathogens. The objective was to evaluate the implementation of Allplex™ Gastrointestinal Panel Assays (AGPA): Allplex™ GI-Virus, Allplex™ GI-Bacteria (I) and Allplex™ GI-Parasite by comparing with traditional diagnosis. A retrospective comparative study was conducted at Hospital Universitario La Paz, between the first year of implementation of the AGPA (April 1, 2018 to March 31, 2019) and the results obtained during the previous year with traditional methods (April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018)...

Growing evidence shed light on the importance of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) during the pandemic, when the patients rarely visited the clinics despite the fact that the infections were still prevalent in the community as before. The abundance of infections in the community poses a constant threat of the emergence of new epidemic strains. Herein, we investigated enteric viruses in raw sewage water (SW) from Japan's Tohoku region and compared them to those from the Kansai region to better understand the circulating strains and their distribution across communities during the COVID-19 pandemic...

BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the infection of a novel coronavirus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has resulted in millions of deaths. We aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (CS-2034, CanSino, Shanghai, China) in adults without COVID-19 infection from China. METHOD: This is a multicenter Phase I clinical trial with a randomized, double-blinded, dose-exploration, placebo-controlled design...

Adenoviruses are naked viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a 36 kb linear double-stranded DNA genome that encodes 30-40 proteins. The word "obesity" in Latin means "because of feeding". Obesity is an energy metabolism pathology that paves the way for physical and psychological problems with excessive fat accumulation that can impair health. Body mass index (BMI), unaffected by gender and age, is the most useful indicator of overweight and obesity at the population level. The concept of infectobesity was first introduced in 1978 after the data showed that viruses might also play a role in obesity cases...

BACKGROUND: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving anti-TNF and JAK-inhibitor therapy have attenuated responses to COVID-19 vaccination. We aimed to determine how IBD treatments affect neutralising antibody responses against the Omicron BA.4/5 variant. METHODS: In this multicentre cohort study, we prospectively recruited 340 adults (69 healthy controls and 271 IBD) at nine UK hospitals between May 28, 2021 and March 29, 2022. The IBD study population was established (>12 weeks therapy) on either thiopurine (n = 63), infliximab (n = 45), thiopurine and infliximab combination therapy (n = 48), ustekinumab (n = 45), vedolizumab (n = 46) or tofacitinib (n = 24)...

To study the influence of long non-coding ribonucleic acid maternally expressed gene 3 (lncRNA MEG3) on the neuronal apoptosis in rats with ischemic cerebral infarction, and to analyze its regulatory effect on the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) pathway. A total of 36 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into sham group, model group and low expression group. Ischemic cerebral infarction modeling was constructed in rats of the model group and low expression group. Corresponding adenoviruses were intracranially injected in rats of low expression group to knock down lncRNA MEG3 expression...

Objective: To explore the expression pattern of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mice peritoneal macrophages (PMs) after major trauma and analyze the effects of enhanced AhR expression on the inflammatory cytokine level and bactericidal ability after trauma. Methods: The experimental study method was used. Forty 6-8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (the same mouse age, sex, and strain below) were divided into control group, post trauma hour (PTH) 2 group, PTH 6 group, and PTH 12 group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), with 10 mice in each group...

To investigate the prevalence of Blastocystis and Dientamoeba fragilis in diarrhea patients and healthy individuals in Corum, Türkiye, fecal samples from 92 diarrhea patients and 50 healthy individuals were collected and evaluated using direct microscopy and molecular methods to screen for bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. The prevalence of Blastocystis was 24.6% in total and more frequent in the healthy group (30.0%). The commonly detected STs (subtypes) were ST3 (40.0%) and ST2 (34.2%). The distribution of Blastocystis STs in the healthy and diarrheal groups did not show any difference in sex and age, but ST3 was detected more frequently in patients aged from 40 to 59 years (p < 0...

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the proportion, clinical features, and outcomes of previously healthy children presenting to a large Canadian quaternary pediatric center with severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology. METHODS: All patients with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 500 U/L or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 500 U/L between June 1, 2018, and May 31, 2022, at The Hospital for Sick Children, were identified. Subjects with only AST > 500 U/L were excluded...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated that Wastewater Based Epidemiology is a fast and economical alternative for monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the community level in high-income countries. In the present study, wastewater from a city in the Peruvian Highlands, which lacks a wastewater treatment plant, was monitored for one year to assess the relationship between the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 and the reported cases of COVID-19 in the community...

BACKGROUND: In the first half of 2022, the increase in cases of severe acute hepatitis in children with no epidemiological link and unknown cause has aroused concern worldwide. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of adenovirus in children with hepatitis of unknown origin in Turkey. METHODS: In this study, which was conducted with the participation of 16 centers from Turkey, between July 2022 and January 2023, 36 pediatric patients under the age of 18 who met the definition of acute hepatitis were included...

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal (GI) infections, caused by various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites, are the second most common infectious diseases. Molecular diagnostics that can simultaneously detect these pathogens are commonly used in syndromic approaches. The authors aimed to identify the causative pathogens of GI infections to provide clinically useful information. METHODS: This retrospective study used molecular diagnostic methods to determine the incidence and distribution of GI pathogens according to gender, age, and season and analyze their coinfection from August 2020 to December 2022...

To understand the epizootiologic characteristics of pathogens and opportunistic infections in one Beagle dog production colony and three research facilities, viruses and mycoplasma were detected in 1777 samples collected from Beagle dogs in China by polymerase chain reaction/reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and bacteria were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. In addition, genotyping of the major circulating viruses was carried out by amplification of gene fragments and homology analysis...

BACKGROUND: ONCOS-102, an oncolytic adenovirus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, can alter the tumor microenvironment to an immunostimulatory state. Combining ONCOS-102 with standard-of-care chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) may improve treatment outcomes. METHODS: In this open-label, randomized study, patients with unresectable MPM received intratumoral ONCOS-102 (3×1011 virus particles on days 1, 4, 8, 36, 78, and 120) and pemetrexed plus cisplatin/carboplatin (from day 22), or pemetrexed plus cisplatin/carboplatin alone...

Human adenovirus (HADV) infection can pose a serious threat to children, leading to a variety of respiratory illnesses and other complications. Particularly, children with weak immune systems are vulnerable to severe adenovirus infections with high mortality. The main focus of this study is to propose new antiviral agents as lead HADV inhibitors for children. So, several antiviral agents used in children were subjected to finding new HADV inhibitors using important computational methods of molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) binding free energy calculations, density functional theory (DFT), and pharmacokinetic analysis...

When ketosis occurs, supraphysiological concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) display lipotoxicity and are closely related to the occurrence of hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammation, resulting in hepatic damage and exacerbating the progression of ketosis. However, the mechanism of these lipotoxic effects caused by high concentrations of NEFA in ketosis is still unclear. Cluster antigen 36 (CD36), a fatty acid transporter, plays a vital role in the development of hepatic pathological injury in nonruminants...

It has been proposed that infection by adipogenic viruses constitutes a "low risk" factor for obesity. Here, we report the presence of adenovirus 36 (Ad36) and its viral load copy number in fat tissue of participants with obesity and normal weight; phylogenetic analysis was performed to describe their relationship and genetic variability among viral haplotypes. Adipose tissue obtained from 105 adult patients with obesity (cases) and 26 normal-weight adult participants as controls were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) amplifying the partial Ad36 E1a gene...

BACKGROUND: Human adenoviruses (HAdV) have been known to cause a range of diseases, including respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, there is limited information available regarding the genotype diversity and epidemiology of HAdV associated with RTIs in Nanning. METHODS: Between June 2019 and December 2021, throat swab, nasal swab, or nasopharyngeal swab samples were obtained from individuals hospitalized with respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Statistical software was used to analyze the epidemiological data...

UNLABELLED: Human adenovirus 36 (HAdV-36) has been associated with obesity and changes in glucose and lipid metabolism. The virus has been reported to increase insulin sensitivity and paradoxically promote weight gain. Because of its effects on metabolism, infection with the virus could alter the response to several drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes (DM2), such as metformin. The aim of this study was to test whether HAdV-36 affects the response to metformin in a group of obese patients with DM2...

Canine core vaccine titer screenings are becoming increasingly popular in veterinary practice as a tool to guide vaccination decisions, despite a lack of supportive, peer-reviewed evidence-based literature. Additionally, it has been suggested that the canine core vaccine duration of host protective immunity can persist past the currently recommended vaccination interval. Thus, this study evaluated serum antibody titers against three core antigens in dogs with known vaccination histories and lifestyles, analyzing the effect of life stage, exposure risk, and time since last vaccination (TSLV)...