Famotidine

Cilofexor is a nonsteroidal farnesoid X receptor agonist being developed in combination with firsocostat/semaglutide for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. This phase 1 study evaluated the effects of food and acid-reducing agents (ARAs) on the pharmacokinetics of cilofexor (100- or 30-mg fixed-dose combination with firsocostat) in healthy participants. Cohorts 1 (n = 20, 100 mg) and 2 (n = 30, 30 mg) followed a 3-period, 2-sequence crossover design and evaluated effects of light-fat and high-fat meals...

Accurate predictions of renal drug-drug interactions (DDIs) mediated by the human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (hMATEs) remain challenging. Current DDI evaluation using plasma maximal unbound inhibitor concentrations (Imax,u ) and IC50 values determined in single transporter-transfected cells frequently leads to false or overprediction especially for hMATE1. Emerging evidence suggests intracellular unbound inhibitor concentration may be more relevant for hMATE1 inhibition in vivo...

DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE: Orolingual angioedema (OA) secondary to administration of thrombolytic therapy is a rare, but serious, known adverse effect...

This case summarizes a 66 year old woman with a past medical history of asthma, breast cancer, anxiety, and chronic back pain with prior surgical insertion of spinal hardware, presenting for removal of spinal hardware at L5-S1 and spinal laminectomy and fusion at L4-L5. Her course was complicated by acute blood loss anemia and post-operative hypotension managed with a phenylephrine infusion, for which she experienced a possible anaphylactic reaction requiring upgrade to the intensive care unit. She was managed using intramuscular epinephrine, diphenhydramine, methylprednisolone, albuterol, famotidine, and oxygen...

INTRODUCTION: In the realm of organ transplantation, particularly heart transplantation, angioedema presents a significant challenge. This clinical condition ranges from minor facial edema to life-threatening swelling of vital structures. Its multifactorial etiology involves various factors and mechanisms, including C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency, food allergen hypersensitivity, and adverse drug reactions, notably involving angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-Is)...

OBJECTIVE: A simple and efficient drug delivery device was designed, viz. specialized straw comprising of famotidine-loaded fast disintegrating pellets. SIGNIFICANCE: Pediatric dosage forms are designed and developed considering the palatability in children of all ages. This specialized straw was intended for pediatrics presenting with dysphagia or associated symptoms. METHODS: The pellets were formulated using an extruder spheronization technique incorporated with Kyron T-314 as a super disintegrant...

BACKGROUND: The application of enhanced recovery after surgery principles decreases postoperative complications (POCs), length of stay (LOS), and readmissions. Pharmacoprophylaxis decreases morbidity, but the effect of specific regimens on clinical outcomes is unclear. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Records of 476 randomly selected adult patients who underwent elective colorectal surgeries (ECRS) at 10 US hospitals were abstracted. Primary outcomes were surgical site infection (SSI), venous thromboembolism (VTE), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), pain, and ileus rates...

INTRODUCTION: Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is a progressive and chronic ailment characterized by drug-resistant epileptic seizures. RE is uncommon, and no documented accounts of its anesthetic management exist. Anesthetic management without causing epileptic seizures is important in RE. Here, we present a case of safe anesthetic management in a pediatric patient with RE. CASE PRESENTATION: A 7-year-old boy who was diagnosed with RE at the age of 6 years was scheduled for supernumerary tooth extraction under general anesthesia...

BACKGROUND: A comprehensive guideline named "Diagnostic Therapeutic Flow Chart for Covid-19″ (DTFC) was released by the Scientific Committee of Covid-19 of Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education and regularly was updated. The aim of this study was to compare the prescription pattern of drug treatment in outpatient Covid-19 patients with the DTFC. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the prescription pattern of drugs given to outpatients with a diagnosis of Covid-19, in Isfahan City from June to September 2021 (concurrent with the fifth peak of Covid-19 in Iran) taking into account the recommendations of the 9th version of DTFC (December 2020)...

The 16-year-old female leopard gecko ( Eublepharis macularius ) was presented with distended coelom and cachexia. Examination of the faecal sample ruled out the presence of protozoan parasites. A radiographic examination confirmed the presence of radiopaque foreign material in the intestine. The conservative treatment with tramadol, butylscopolamine, famotidine, vitamin B complex, and supportive fluid therapy with Hartmann solution and Duphalyte, was performed for 14 days...

INTRODUCTION: Cetuximab, an IgG1 monoclonal antibody, is utilized in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and squamous cell head and neck cancers. Due to the risk of hypersensitivity reactions, standard premedication with a histamine-1 (H-1) antagonist is recommended prior to administration, however, there is less guidance for premedication strategies to assist with rechallenge after infusion reactions. Here, we describe two cases of successful cetuximab treatment after Grade 2 reactions, in addition to risk factors and proposed premedication strategies for successful rechallenge...

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the prescription patterns and appropriateness of the use of gastroprotectant medication in cats. METHODS: Pharmacy dispensation logs from an academic tertiary referral center were reviewed between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018. Cats that were administered proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), sucralfate, misoprostol, antacids or a combination were included. Data regarding medication, dosage, formulation, duration of administration, completeness of discharge instructions and clinical rationales for administration were obtained from medical records...

The article discusses the use of mathematical models and linear algebra to understand the crystalline structures and interconversion pathways of drug complexes with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). It involved the preparation and analysis of mixtures of indomethacin, diclofenac, famotidine, and cimetidine with β-CD using techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR). Singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis is used to identify the presence of different polymorphs in the mixtures of these drugs and β-CD, determine interconversion pathways, and distinguish between different forms...

BACKGROUND: Gastric hyperacidity and hypergastrinemia are purported to cause gastric ulceration in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, no published studies have evaluated gastric pH with serum gastrin concentrations in dogs with CKD. HYPOTHESIS: To compare mean intragastric pH, mean percent pH distribution, and serum gastrin concentrations in dogs with CKD to age-matched, healthy dogs. We hypothesized there would be no difference in mean gastric pH or serum gastrin between groups...

Background: Histamine H2 receptor antagonists are a group of drugs that inhibit gastric juice secretion in gastrointestinal diseases. However, there is evidence to suggest that H2 blockers have a broader spectrum of activity. The antioxidant properties of H2 blockers have not been fully elucidated, and their anti-glycation potential has not been studied to date. Therefore, this is the first study to compare the antioxidant and antiglycation potentials of the most popular H2 antagonists (ranitidine, cimetidine, and famotidine) on protein glycoxidation in vitro...

IMPORTANCE: Ranitidine, the most widely used histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), was withdrawn because of N-nitrosodimethylamine impurity in 2020. Given the worldwide exposure to this drug, the potential risk of cancer development associated with the intake of known carcinogens is an important epidemiological concern. OBJECTIVE: To examine the comparative risk of cancer associated with the use of ranitidine vs other H2RAs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This new-user active comparator international network cohort study was conducted using 3 health claims and 9 electronic health record databases from the US, the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, France, South Korea, and Taiwan...

Plasma histamine levels are increased in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), potentially promoting endothelial P-selectin expression and vaso-occlusion via histamine type 2 (H2) receptors. We conducted a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study to determine whether famotidine, a H2 receptor antagonist, reduces P-selectin expression in SCD children. The median plasma P-selectin level was significantly reduced after 29 days of oral famotidine (53.2 ng/mL [IQR: 46.7-63.4] vs. 69.9 ng/mL [IQR: 53...

One of the solubilization of poorly water-soluble drugs is the use of cyclodextrin (CD)-based inclusion complexes. On the other hand, few studies have investigated how CD functions on the solubility of drugs in the presence of multiple drugs that interact with each other. In this study, we used indomethacin (IND) and diclofenac (DIC) as acidic drugs, famotidine (FAM) and cimetidine (CIM) as basic drugs, and imidazole (IMZ), histidine (HIS), and arginine (ARG) as compounds structurally similar to basic drugs...

A 37-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy as a screening examination for anemia and bloody stool. A semi-pedunculated edematous lobular polyp of 25 mm in size was detected in the greater curvature of the upper gastric body. At that time, a definitive diagnosis of cancer could not be made based on a biopsy specimen from the lesion. Since the patient was on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for a long time to prevent peptic ulceration due to prolonged prednisolone administration for systemic lupus erythematosus, we diagnosed the lesion as a PPI-associated hyperplastic polyp and switched lansoprazole to famotidine...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The utilization of plants with therapeutic properties in traditional medicine has a longstanding practice. Among them, the well-known Allium cepa L. commonly known as onion has been valued for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential in the treatment of various ailments, including gastric ulcers. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study investigated the gastroprotective potential of red onion peel extract and its fractions in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer...