vascularity of neurofibroma

Background: Anisotropic topologies are known to regulate cell-oriented growth and induce cell differentiation, which is conducive to accelerating nerve regeneration, while co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) and Schwann cells (SCs) can significantly promote the axon growth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG). However, the synergistic regulation of EC and SC co-culture of DRG behavior on anisotropic topologies is still rarely reported. The study aims to investigate the effect of anisotropic topology co-cultured with Schwann cells and endothelial cells on dorsal root ganglion behavior for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration...

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a tumor predisposition syndrome and is one of the most common genetic diseases. It is therefore a condition encountered by radiologists in clinical routine. Since the variability of the clinical expression is very high and several organ systems are affected, we present a standardized diagnostic approach in this article. METHODS: Evaluation of the literature on neurofibromatosis type 1 in the context of radiological examination methods...

Spindle cell proliferations of the breast are a heterogeneous group of lesions ranging from benign or reactive lesions to aggressive malignant neoplasms. Diagnosis on core biopsy can be particularly challenging as lesions displaying different lineages associated with variable outcomes share overlapping morphologies (scar vs. fibromatosis-like metaplastic carcinoma) whereas individual entities can exhibit a large variety of appearances (myofibroblastoma). In this review, lesions are grouped into lineage, when possible, including those showing fibroblastic/myofibroblastic differentiation, ranging from entities that require no additional management, such as scar and nodular fasciitis, to those with unpredictable clinical outcomes such as fibromatosis and solitary fibrous tumor or locally aggressive behavior such as dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans...

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) are autosomal dominant inherited neurocutaneous disorders or phakomatoses secondary to mutations in the NF1 and NF2 tumor suppressor genes, respectively. Although they share a common name, NF1 and NF2 are distinct disorders with a wide range of multisystem manifestations that include benign and malignant tumors. Imaging plays an essential role in diagnosis, surveillance, and management of individuals with NF1 and NF2. Therefore, it is crucial for radiologists to be familiar with the imaging features of NF1 and NF2 to allow prompt diagnosis and appropriate management...

Introduction: Focal myositis is a rare condition first described by Heffner et al., in 1977, as a self-limiting condition of unknown aetiology. It presents as an inflammatory pseudo tumour in skeletal muscle and can present diagnostic difficulty, being commonly mistaken for tissue of vascular, inflammatory, or neoplastic origin. Diagnosis is traditionally confirmed by muscle biopsy. We present a case where magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to confirm the diagnosis without need for biopsy...

Cauda equina intradural tumors commonly reported include ependymoma, schwannoma, neurofibroma, meningioma, and drop metastasis. Hemangioblastoma of the neural axis is a rare benign vascular tumor comprising only 1.6 to 6.4% of spinal tumors, and are usually associated with Von-Hippel Lindau disease. Sporadic intradural extramedullary hemangioblastoma involving cauda equina is very rare with only countable reports, and the presence of peritumoral cyst has been reported only once. We report one such case of hemangioblastoma with a large peritumoral cyst, which was diagnosed radiologically and confirmed by histopathology following surgical excision...

A small, benign enhancing lesion posterior to the intracranial vertebral artery at the foramen magnum is a recently described image-based entity and believed to represent varix or ganglion. We report on an individual who underwent surgery due to a hybrid neurofibroma/schwannoma of the trigeminal nerve and additionally presented a small gadolinium-enhancing lesion in the right spinal canal at the level of the craniocervical junction (CCJ). The intraoperative finding of this enhancing lesion most likely represents the lateral internal vertebral venous plexus which does not require follow up or surgical excision...

OBJECTIVE: Spinal and peripheral nerve tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality despite the current standard of care. Immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic option to improve the prognoses of these tumors. Therefore, the authors sought to present an updated and unifying review on the use of immunotherapy in treating tumors of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves, including a discussion on mechanism of action, drug delivery, current treatment techniques, and preclinical and clinical studies...

Paraganglioma that involves the CNS may mimic clinico-radiologically many other commoner entities. The current study presents a wide view of the clinical, radiological, and histomorphological spectrum along with rare associations that can occur concurrently with this lesion. The most common site of infliction in CNS is the spine and, in the current series, involvement of the lumbar spine was most frequent. Both clinical and radiological features point towards other more common differentials, including neurofibroma/schwannoma and ependymoma...

RATIONALE: The many deaths from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) since 2019 have caused global concern. Effective treatment has not yet been established; supportive care is the main treatment. It has been suggested that veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) may be effective in severe cases that do not respond to ventilator management. PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSIS: We report the case of a 68-year-old woman with severe respiratory failure due to COVID-19 who was treated with VV-ECMO but suffered from bleeding complications...

Schwannomas are common peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Cavernous hemangiomas are vascular tumors that can affect any organ system. The coexistence of cavernous hemangioma with peripheral nervous system neoplasms is a rare occurrence. So far, 37 cases have been documented, and they have been divided into two categories: conjoined association (neoplasms discovered within the tumor tissue) and discrete association (neoplasms discovered outside the tumor tissue, thus placing neoplasms and tumors in close proximity but in different locations)...

BACKGROUND: The indications for surgical resection concerning multiple bilateral neurofibromas in the superior mediastinum remain controversial, because vascular injury or development of postoperative Horne syndrome are concerned. CASE PRESENTATION: A 60-year-old woman presented with multiple nodules in her right neck and bilateral chest cavity tops which indicated neurofibromatosis. The thoracic masses grew slowly over 9 years, and she then underwent a 2-stage resection starting with the left to right side...

Background and Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using the moving-shot technique for benign soft tissue neoplasm. Materials and Methods : This retrospective study reviewed eight patients with benign soft tissue neoplasm presenting with cosmetic concerns and/or symptomatic issues who refused surgery. Six patients had vascular malformation, including four with venous malformation and two with congenital hemangioma. The other two patients had neurofibroma. All patients underwent RFA using the moving-shot technique...

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant disease having an incidence of 1 in 3000 individuals. It primarily involves the peripheral nervous system and usually presents with many neurofibromas. On rare occasions, NF1 can affect the breast and manifests as nipple-areolar complex extranipple (pseudopolythelia) like neurofibromas which can be disfiguring and sometimes cause pain and therefore need to be addressed surgically. We present a case of a 31-year-old female, who had multiple pedunculated neurofibromas around the nipple on both breasts for 3 years...

BACKGROUND: Plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) are highly vascularized and potentially malignant tumors. Surgical resection of a PN can be complicated by perioperative hemorrhagic events (PHE), including excessive intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hematoma at the surgical site. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive factors of PHE and the usefulness of preoperative embolization for PN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive surgical resections of 24 massive PNs in the body trunk with a maximum diameter > 5 cm in 22 patients between January 2015 and December 2020 were reviewed...

INTRODUCTION: Vascularized fibular grafts (VFG) in the cervicothoracic spine have been used for patients with progressive neurofibromatosis (NF) type-1-related kyphosis, but the long-term outcomes of VFG with NF-1 are not well described. We describe the long-term follow-up of two cases of cervical kyphosis related to NF-1 treated with VFG in the cervical spine. CASE REPORT: Case 1 was that of a 33-year-old man with a large neurofibroma at the back of his neck and an arteriovenous malformation at C2-7...

INTRODUCTION: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) or von Recklinghausen's disease, an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, is characterized by a café au lait spot and cutaneous neurofibromas. It typically involves the skin, nerves, bones, muscles, and eyes, and occasionally involves vascular complications and can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 77-year-old female with a posterior tibial artery rupture with NF-1. She presented with sudden right lower leg swelling, pain, paresthesia, and paralysis; computed tomography images revealed popliteal artery aneurysm with surrounding hematoma, expanding from the posterior aspect of the knee to the calf...

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder characterized by cafe'-au-lait spots, skinfold freckles, the formation of neurofibromas, skeletal dysplasia, vascular dysplasia, and an increased risk of malignant tumors. In this study, two Chinese NF1 children troubled with bone lesions or hypertension were reported. A de novo NF1 mutation (c.4925T > A/p.V1642E) and a maternally inherited NF1 mutation (c.4883T > A/p.L1628∗ ) were identified by molecular sequence. According to the ACMG/AMP guidelines, the c...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Defects resulted from the removal of large scars, benign tumors, severe pigmentation abnormalities, and vascular malformations, etc., in the scalp and face need to be repaired to restore the appearance. Here, the authors introduced the application of various expanded superficial temporal artery (STA) flaps in the repair of above defects. METHODS: From Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2018, 19 patients with craniofacial secondary defects received the repair with expanded STA flaps in our clinic...

Objective: To summarize and analyze the feasibility, safety and efficacy of parapharyngeal space surgery assisted by coblation and endoscopic system with transoral approach. Methods: The data of 20 patients with parapharyngeal space tumors were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients underwent CT and/or MRI examination before surgery, and all underwent transoral approach assisted by coblation and endoscopic systems. The patients were followed up strictly after the operation, with a follow-up time of 8-56 months and the median follow-up time of 28 months...