Taurine AND Transcription factor

N -acyl amides (NAAs) are a class of lipids that consist of an acyl group N-linked to an amino acid, neurotransmitter, taurine or ethanolamide group ( N -acylethanolamines or NAEs) and include some endocannabinoids (eCB) such as anandamide. These lipids are synthesized in a wide variety of organisms and in multiple cell types, including neurons. NAEs are involved in numerous cellular and physiological processes and their concentrations are elevated in response to ischemia and physical trauma to play a role in neuroprotection...

Coral reefs belong to the marine ecosystems and host the richest biodiversity of marine organisms. Coral reefs are formed as a result of the symbiotic relationship between the host coral animal and photosynthetic dinoflagellates, namely Symbiodinium sp. Coral animals induce the release of carbon fixation products of symbiotic Symbiodinium sp. through secreting host release factors (HRFs) such as taurine. To study the potential effect of taurine on photosynthesis and release of carbon fixation products of Symbiodinium sp...

Taurine, a sulfur-containing β-amino acid, is present at high concentrations in mammalian tissues and plays an important role in several essential biological processes. However, the genetic mechanisms involved in these physiological processes associated with taurine remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism underlying the taurine-induced transcriptional enhancement of the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). The results showed that taurine significantly increased the luciferase activity of the human TXNIP promoter...

This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effects of taurine in attenuating muscle atrophy. C26 carcinoma cells were cultured and injected into the scapulae of Balb/c mice with 1 × 106 cells. Taurine (200 μl suspension) was orally administered at the concentration of 200 mg/kg of body weight for 2 weeks. Femur muscle tissue, spleen, and gonadal fat tissue were collected and weighed. Muscle tissue was stained by H&E for histopathological analysis. The transcriptional expression of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 gene was checked by real-time PCR...

The existence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in neurodegenerative diseases has been well established. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursodeoxycholic acid, which has been reported to exert cytoprotective effects on several types of cells by inhibiting ER stress. The present study explored the effects of TUDCA on primary cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Cell viability and apoptosis of DRG neurons treated with TUDCA and tunicamycin were detected by CellTiter-Blue assay and TUNEL staining, respectively...

There is a vast pre-clinical literature suggesting that certain nutraceuticals have the potential to aid the preservation of bone mass in the context of estrogen withdrawal, glucocorticoid treatment, chronic inflammation, or aging. In an effort to bring some logical clarity to these findings, the signaling pathways regulating osteoblast, osteocyte, and osteoclast induction, activity, and survival are briefly reviewed in the present study. The focus is placed on the following factors: the mechanisms that induce and activate the RUNX2 transcription factor, a key driver of osteoblast differentiation and function; the promotion of autophagy and prevention of apoptosis in osteoblasts/osteoclasts; and the induction and activation of NFATc1, which promotes the expression of many proteins required for osteoclast-mediated osteolysis...

Bile acids is synthesized by cholesterol in the liver and exert by two different pathways, classical and alternative pathway. Two major enzymes, CYP7A1 and CYP27A1 play regulatory roles in two pathways. CA (cholic acid) and CDCA (chenodeoxycholic acid) as known as the primary bile acids which means they are major products in these two pathways and then they can be modified by gut microbiome. After modifying, the metabolites are called secondary bile acids such as lithocholic acid (LCA)、deoxycholic acid (DCA)...

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) acts as tumor-promoting factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (SP1) regulates TUG1 and microRNAs (miRs)/mRNAs in the context of CRC, which has not been fully studied before. Expression patterns of TUG1 and SP1 were determined in clinical CRC samples and cells, followed by identification of their interaction. Next, the functional significance of TUG1 in CRC was investigated...

BACKGROUND: The enhancement of fish immune system and growth performance throughout the administration of bio-friendly agents such as diet supplements (taurine) is considered a promising alternative in farmed aquatic species. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was aimed to examine the effect of supplementation of dietary taurine (0, 5 g-TAU5 and 10 g-TAU10) in crystalline form (99% purity) in L. calcarifer juveniles, taking into account growth performance, general health indices and immune related-genes mRNA transcript abundance...

Nucleus pulposus (NP) apoptosis and subsequent excessive degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are key pathological characteristics of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The present study aims to examine the signaling processes underlying the effects of taurine on IDD, with specific focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‑mediated apoptosis and ECM degradation, in NP cells. To clarify the role of taurine in IDD, NP cells were treated with various concentrations of taurine and IL‑1β or thapsigargin (TG)...

To explore metabolic characteristics during the post-hatch developmental period, metabolomic analyses of breast muscle and plasma were performed in chickens. The most significant growth-related changes in metabolite levels were observed between seven and 28 days of age. Some of these metabolites are essential nutrients or reported as growth-promoting metabolites. In the muscle, two imidazole dipeptides-carnosine and its methylated metabolite, anserine-increased with the development. These dipeptide levels may be, in part, regulated transcriptionally because in the muscle mRNA levels of carnosine synthase and carnosine methylation enzyme increased...

Lipid metabolism disorders such as hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis that are grave public health issues. Taurine, a sulfur-containing non-essential amino acid exerts a wide range of physiological effects that regulate lipid metabolic disorders. Although the effects of taurine on lipid-lowering have been reported in animals and humans, mechanisms elucidating the lipid-lowering action of taurine remain unclear. A series of molecular regulators associated with lipid metabolism have been identified in the past few decades...

BACKGROUND: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) dependence leads to development of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). The spectrum of diseases ranges from cholestasis, steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis that causes significant morbidity. Understanding the disease at molecular level helps us to develop therapeutic targets. We performed transcriptomic analysis on liver from rats with TPN administration, and we assessed the role of selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional pathways, transcriptional factors, and their associations with pathological parameters of IFALD...

BACKGROUND: The risk of revision surgery following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) may be influenced by genetic factors. Therefore, we sought to identify genetic variants associated with the risk of revision surgery in a genomewide association study. METHODS: We investigated a cohort of 1,130 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry treated with TJA. During a mean of 9.4 years of follow-up, 75 individuals underwent revision surgery for aseptic loosening (the primary outcome) and 94, for any reason (the secondary outcome)...

Natural antioxidants have received tremendous attention over the last 3 decades. At the same time, the attitude to free radicals is slowly changing, and their signalling role in adaptation to stress has recently received a lot of attention. Among many different antioxidants in the body, taurine (Tau), a sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic β-amino acid, is shown to have a special place as an important natural modulator of the antioxidant defence networks. Indeed, Tau is synthesised in most mammals and birds, and the Tau requirement is met by both synthesis and food/feed supply...

This study investigated polymorphisms in the milk protein genes CSN1S1 , CSN2 , CSN1S2 , CSN3 , LALBA , and LGB , and casein haplotypes in Beninese indigenous cattle. Considering 67 animals, DNA sequencing of the genes' exons, flanking regions and parts of the 5'-upstream regions identified 1058 genetic variants including 731 previously unknown. In addition, four novel milk protein variants were detected, including CSN3K (p.Ala66Val), LALBAF (p.Arg58Trp), LGBB1 (p.Ala134Val) and LGBK (p.Thr92Asnfs*13). CSN3K is caused by a novel SNP (BTA6:85656526C>T, exon 4) whereas LALBAF and LGBB1 are due to rs714688595C>T (exon 1) and rs109625649C>T (exon 4), respectively...

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in hepatic fibrosis. Methods: According to the literature, the classic hepatic fibrosis model of rats induced by 1%DMN(1ml/kg/d) was established. The rats with hepatic fibrosis and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) were divided into model control group, negative control group (transfected with siRNA negative control), siRNA interference group (transfected with TUG1). At the end of the experiment, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the pathological changes of liver tissue; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to determine the expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), TUG1, collagen I, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), Smad2 and Smad3 in rat liver tissue and activated hepatic stellate cells...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and highly aggressive cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recognized as potential molecular targets for HCC and are currently under increased research focus. Here, we investigate the regulatory processes underlying the axis of the lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), Upstream Transcription Factor 1 (USF1), and reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (ROMO1) in the propagation and metastasis of HCC cells. Distribution of lncRNA TUG1 was found to be prominent in HCC cell cytoplasm and nuclei...

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRs) have critical roles in the progression of various diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the levels and clinical significance of lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) and miR-145-5p in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and explore their indicative value regarding disease severity. TUG1 and miR-145-5p levels were detected by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. Correlations were examined using Pearson's correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of TUG1, miR-145-5p and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)...

OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis is a key risk factor for the initiation of cardiovascular disease, which results in high morbidity and mortality. lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 ( TUG1 ) has been reported to participate in the development of atherosclerosis. Here, we aimed to investigate the interaction of TUG1 and miR-382-5p in regulating atherosclerosis progression. METHODS: The levels of TUG1 and miR-382-5p in atherosclerotic serum samples and a cell model were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)...