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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kwame Opoku-Agyeman, Paa Kofi Tawiah Adu-Gyamfi, Charles Ansah, Kwesi Boadu Mensah
BACKGROUND: Infant mortality remains a major developmental challenge in many low-income countries. Epidemiological evidence suggests that infant acquisition of maternal microbiome is essential for programming of immunity and metabolism. As such, irrational maternal antibiotic use may affect infant health. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of prenatal antibiotic use on early postnatal life (90 days) in a low-income community in Ghana. METHODOLOGY: The study was a retrospective study of 412 mother-baby pair medical records in a low-income community in rural Ghana...
March 2023: African Health Sciences
#42
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Sartor, I Ligi, P R Petit, I Grandvuillemin, C Zandotti, A Nougairede, S Schipani, F Fenollar, R N Charrel
Adenovirus (ADV) outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) can lead to durable transmission and serious adverse outcomes. We describe the investigation and control of an ADV-D8 outbreak in a NICU, associated with ophthalmologic equipment used during retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening. Cases were observed in neonates, parents and nurses. The outbreak investigation was performed including sampling patients, parents and health care workers as well as the environment for molecular detection of ADV DNA...
July 25, 2023: Journal of Hospital Infection
#43
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linda Mur, Natalee Annon-Eberharter, Petra Gombos, Martin Wald
BACKGROUND: Dead space is the part of the airway where no gas exchange takes place. Any increase in dead space volume has a proportional effect on the required tidal volume and thus on the risk of ventilation-induced lung injury. Inserts that increase dead space are therefore not used in small preterm infants. This includes end-tidal CO2 measurement. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the end-tidal CO2 measurement adapter on ventilation...
July 13, 2023: Technology and Health Care: Official Journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine
#44
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beverley Robin, Lamia M Soghier, Akshaya Vachharajani, Ahmed Moussa
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore North American neonatal health care professionals' (HCPs) experience, confidence, skill, and training with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional survey. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 2,159 HCPs from Canada and the United States. Seventy nine percent had no clinical experience with the LMA, and less than 20% considered the LMA an alternative to endotracheal intubation (EI)...
July 10, 2023: American Journal of Perinatology
#45
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lynn E Harman, Curtis E Margo
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe how an early 20th-century American celebrity attempted to influence public perception of ophthalmic neonatorum. METHODS: This study reviews the editorial written by Helen Keller in the 1909 Ladies' Home Journal and related historical documents about the prevention of blindness from neonatal conjunctivitis. RESULTS: Although blind, deaf, and nulliparous, Helen Keller at the age of 29 sensed that the newborn children of many American women were being denied preventative treatment for ophthalmia neonatorum...
July 6, 2023: Cornea
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alla Kushnir, Ravi Bhavsar, Emad Hanna, Thomas Hegyi
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) has been of increasing concern. Studies suggest that prenatal exposure to buprenorphine may be preferred to methadone in regard to neonatal withdrawal. Our aim was to determine whether the incidence and severity of NAS are different between babies prenatally exposed to methadone or buprenorphine in pregnancy. This retrospective analysis of infants ≥ 35-weeks-old exposed to methadone/buprenorphine alone or in conjunction with other substances in utero. They were divided into four groups: 1-methadone alone (Met), 2-buprenorphine alone (Bup), 3 and 4-those exposed to methadone and buprenorphine, respectively, in conjunction with other drugs (Met+ and Bup+)...
June 8, 2023: Children
#47
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin Yang, Chibuzor M Babalola, Aamirah Mussa, Rebecca Ryan, Adriane Wynn, Selebaleng Simon, Bame Bame, Chelsea Morroni, Jeffrey D Klausner
BACKGROUND: We describe 12 cases of chlamydial ophthalmia neonatorum and the current scientific evidence on its prevention and treatment. The data presented were obtained from the "Maduo" study, a prospective observational study of the relationship between curable sexually transmitted infections and adverse neonatal outcomes at four antenatal clinics in Gaborone, Botswana. METHODS: Infants of mothers with perinatal chlamydia infection were evaluated for chlamydial ophthalmia neonatorum based on clinical presentation of conjunctivitis or positive test via GeneXpert CT/NG assay...
June 20, 2023: International Journal of STD & AIDS
#48
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María Liébana-Rodríguez, Inés Portillo-Calderón, María Amelia Fernández-Sierra, Mercedes Delgado-Valverde, Lina Martín-Hita, José Gutiérrez-Fernández
OBJECTIVES: Serratia marcescens (SM) may cause nosocomial outbreaks in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). We describe an outbreak of SM in a NICU and propose additional prevention and control recommendations. METHODS: Between March 2019 and January 2020, samples were taken from patients in the NICU (rectal, pharyngeal, axillary and other locations) and from 15 taps and their sinks. Control measures were implemented including thorough cleaning of incubators, health education to staff and neonates'relatives, and use of single-dose containers...
June 16, 2023: Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica
#49
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María Liébana-Rodríguez, Esther Recacha-Villamor, Carmen Díaz-Molina, Patricia Pérez-Palacios, Lina Martín-Hita, Francisca Enríquez-Maroto, José Gutiérrez-Fernández
OBJECTIVE: Klebsiella oxytoca can cause nosocomial infections, affecting vulnerable newborns. There are few studies describing nosocomial outbreaks in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU). In this study, a systematic review of the literature was carried out to know the main characteristics of these outbreaks and the evolution of one is described. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review in the Medline database up to July 2022, and present a descriptive study of an outbreak with 21 episodes in the NICU of a tertiary hospital, between September 2021 and January 2022...
June 14, 2023: Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica
#50
Pragya Virendrakumar Jain, Jauntea Maxey, Michael W Lawlor, Lauren N Parsons
Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) is a rare lethal disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance and is characterized by multiple congenital anomalies. Our case of NLS presented with severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), abnormal facial features, severe central nervous system malformations, skeletal muscle contractures, and the hallmark signs of NLS: ichthyotic skin and excessive subcutaneous tissue with edema. Additionally, testing amniotic fluid from a prior pregnancy with a fetus showing similar abnormalities revealed several regions of homozygosity; one of these regions involved chromosome 1p13...
May 2023: Curēus
#51
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Molly Grabill, Joan Smith, Carolyn Ibrahim, Roberta Pineda
IMPORTANCE: Feeding difficulties are common among preterm infants during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization. Although most preterm infants achieve full oral feeding by term-equivalent age, whether feeding difficulties persist despite the infant taking full volume and whether these difficulties may relate to other neurobehavioral challenges remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of feeding problems among preterm infants and the relationships between infant feeding behaviors and neurobehavior at term-equivalent age...
May 1, 2023: American Journal of Occupational Therapy: Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
#52
Kenichiro Kobayashi, Atsushi Iwai, Kuniaki Tanaka, Shumpei Mizuta, Saya Yoshida, Toshiro Maihara, Yoshinobu Nishida, Takahito Wada, Ikuya Usami, Toshio Heike
Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is a unique neonatal leukemoid reaction caused by a pathognomonic GATA1 mutation in conjunction with the gene dosage effect of trisomy 21, which is either of germline or somatic origin. We encountered a 48,XYY,+21 phenotypically normal neonate with Down syndrome who developed TAM due to cryptic germline mosaicism. Quantification of the mosaic ratio was complicated by an overestimation bias of hyperproliferating TAM within the germline component. To establish a workflow for such a clinical scenario, we analyzed the cytogenetic findings of neonates with TAM associated with somatic or low-level germline mosaicism...
2022: Cytogenetic and Genome Research
#53
REVIEW
Matthew J Mahoney, Ruegba Bekibele, Sydney L Notermann, Thomas G Reuter, Emily C Borman-Shoap
Conjunctivitis is a common pediatric problem and is broadly divided into infectious and non-infectious etiologies. Bacterial conjunctivitis makes up the majority of cases in children and often presents with purulent discharge and mattering of the eyelids. Treatment is supportive with an individual approach to antibiotic use in uncomplicated cases since it may shorten symptom duration, but is not without risks. Viral conjunctivitis is the other infectious cause and is primarily caused by adenovirus, with a burning, gritty feeling and watery discharge...
April 29, 2023: Children
#54
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Esther M Hollander, Eline L van Tuinen, Elisabeth H Schölvinck, Klasien A Bergman, Arno R Bourgonje, Valentina Gracchi, Martin C J Kneyber, Daan J Touw, Paola Mian
Although aminoglycosides are frequently prescribed to neonates and children, the ability to reach effective and safe target concentrations with the currently used dosing regimens remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the target attainment of the currently used dosing regimens for gentamicin in neonates and children. We conducted a retrospective single-center cohort study in neonates and children receiving gentamicin between January 2019 and July 2022, in the Beatrix Children's Hospital. The first gentamicin concentration used for therapeutic drug monitoring was collected for each patient, in conjunction with information on dosing and clinical status...
April 25, 2023: Antibiotics
#55
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ling He, Karl Johan Tronstad, Akhil Maheshwari
Mitochondria are dynamic membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells. These are important for the generation of chemical energy needed to power various cellular functions and also support metabolic, energetic, and epigenetic regulation in various cells. These organelles are also important for communication with the nucleus and other cellular structures, to maintain developmental sequences and somatic homeostasis, and for cellular adaptation to stress. Increasing information shows mitochondrial defects as an important cause of inherited disorders in different organ systems...
2023: Newborn (Clarksville)
#56
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel F T Variane, Rafaela F R Pietrobom, Caroline Y Noh, Krisa P Van Meurs, Valerie Y Chock
Continuous neuromonitoring in the neonatal intensive care unit allows for bedside assessment of brain oxygenation and perfusion as well as cerebral function and seizure identification. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) reflects the balance between oxygen delivery and consumption, and use of multisite monitoring of regional oxygenation provides organ-specific assessment of perfusion. With understanding of the underlying principles of NIRS as well as the physiologic factors which impact oxygenation and perfusion of the brain, kidneys and bowel, changes in neonatal physiology can be more easily recognized by bedside providers, allowing for appropriate, targeted interventions...
2023: Frontiers in Pediatrics
#57
REVIEW
Wenjuan Dai, Wenhao Zhou
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Neonatal sepsis is a dysregulated host response to an infectious agent that results in severe morbidity and mortality among neonates worldwide. Given the complex and heterogenous nature of neonatal sepsis, early diagnosis and individualized treatment remain challenges for clinicians despite clinical advance. Epidemiological studies on twins suggest that hereditary factors act in conjunction with environmental factors to affect neonatal sepsis susceptibility. However, little is known about hereditary risks at present...
April 29, 2023: Translational Pediatrics
#58
JOURNAL ARTICLE
George Uchenna Eleje, Ifeanyichukwu Uzoma Ezebialu, Joseph Tochukwu Enebe, Nnanyelugo Chima Ezeora, Emmanuel Onyebuchi Ugwu, Iffiyeosuo Dennis Ake, Ekeuda Uchenna Nwankwo, Perpetua Kelechi Enyinna, Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro, Chika Prince Asuoha, Charlotte Blanche Oguejiofor, Ejeatuluchukwu Obi, Chigozie Geoffrey Okafor, Angela Ogechukwu Ugwu, Lydia Ijeoma Eleje, Divinefavour Echezona Malachy, Chukwunonso Emmanuel Ubammadu, Emeka Philip Igbodike, Chidebe Christian Anikwe, Ifeoma Clara Ajuba, Chinyelu Uchenna Ufoaroh, Richard Obinwanne Egeonu, Lazarus Ugochukwu Okafor, Chukwunonso Isaiah Enechukwu, Sussan Ifeyinwa Nweje, Onyedika Promise Anaedu, Odigonma Zinobia Ikpeze, Boniface Chukwuneme Okpala, Ekene Agatha Emeka, Chijioke Stanley Nzeukwu, Ifeanyi Chibueze Aniedu, Emmanuel Chidi Chukwuka, Arinze Anthony Onwuegbuna, David Chibuike Ikwuka, Chisom God'swill Chigbo, Chiemezie Mac-Kingsley Agbanu, Chidinma Ifechi Onwuka, Malarchy Ekwunife Nwankwo, Henry Chinedu Nneji, Kosisochukwu Amarachukwu Onyeukwu, Boniface Uwaezuoke Odugu, Sylvester Onuegbunam Nweze, Ifeanyi Johnson Onyekpa, Kenneth Chukwudi Eze, Shirley Nneka Chukwurah, Joseph Odirichukwu Ugboaja, Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu
BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, there is no prior randomized trial on the efficacy of Mojeaga remedy (a special blend of Alchornea cordifolia, Pennisetum glaucum and Sorghum bicolor extracts) when co-administered with standard-of-care for correction of anemia in obstetrics practice. This study determined the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Mojeaga as adjunct to conventional oral iron therapy for correction of anemia in obstetric population. METHODS: A pilot open-label randomized clinical trial...
2023: PloS One
#59
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P N Ignatov, K K Neykova, T Yordanova-Ignatova
Objective: Doppler velocimetry has been widely used throughout the years as a valuable tool in the follow-up and prognosis of various pregnancy complications. Numerous Doppler indices have been introduced to qualitatively describe fetal blood flow. Currently, the Pulsatility index (PI) is the most widely used index for this purpose. In current clinical practice, middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI measurement is commonly used to assess fetal well-being, especially in late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, existing evidence suggests that MCA PI alone is inferior to the ratio between MCA and umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility indices in predicting adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes...
December 2023: Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine
#60
Chih-Yen Wang, Zhongyuan Zuo, Kyoung In Kim, Hugo J Bellen, Hyun Kyoung Lee
UNLABELLED: Wnt signaling plays an essential role in developmental and regenerative myelination in the CNS. The Wnt signaling pathway is comprised of multiple regulatory layers; thus, how these processes are coordinated to orchestrate oligodendrocyte development remains unclear. Here we show CK2α, a Wnt/β-catenin signaling Ser/Thr kinase, phosphorylates Daam2, inhibiting its function and Wnt-activity during oligodendrocyte development. Intriguingly, we found Daam2 phosphorylation differentially impacts distinct stages of oligodendrocyte development, accelerating early differentiation followed by decelerating maturation and myelination...
April 11, 2023: bioRxiv
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