keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535723/moo-x-synaptic-memristor-with-programmable-multilevel-conductance-for-reliable-neuromorphic-hardware
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaofei Dong, Hao Sun, Xinhua Lai, Fengxia Yang, Tingting Ma, Xiang Zhang, Jianbiao Chen, Yun Zhao, Jiangtao Chen, Xuqiang Zhang, Yan Li
Memristor holds great potential for enabling next-generation neuromorphic computing hardware. Controlling the interfacial characteristics of the device is critical for seamlessly integrating and replicating the synaptic dynamic behaviors; however, it is commonly overlooked. Herein, we report the straightforward oxidation of a Mo electrode in air to design MoO x memristors that exhibit nonvolatile ultrafast switching (0.6-0.8 mV/decade, <1 mV/decade) with a high on/off ratio (>104 ), a long durability (>104 s), a low power consumption (17...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535162/progressing-the-development-of-a-collaborative-metareasoning-framework-prospects-and-challenges
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beth H Richardson, Linden J Ball
Metareasoning refers to processes that monitor and control ongoing thinking and reasoning. The "metareasoning framework" that was established in the literature in 2017 has been useful in explaining how monitoring processes during reasoning are sensitive to an individual's fluctuating feelings of certainty and uncertainty. The framework was developed to capture metareasoning at an individual level. It does not capture metareasoning during collaborative activities. We argue this is significant, given the many domains in which team-based reasoning is critical, including design, innovation, process control, defence and security...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Intelligence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534394/the-molecular-mechanisms-in-senescent-cells-induced-by-natural-aging-and-ionizing-radiation
#3
REVIEW
Milana Ibragimova, Assiya Kussainova, Akmaral Aripova, Rakhmetkazhi Bersimbaev, Olga Bulgakova
This review discusses the relationship between cellular senescence and radiation exposure. Given the wide range of ionizing radiation sources encountered by people in professional and medical spheres, as well as the influence of natural background radiation, the question of the effect of radiation on biological processes, particularly on aging processes, remains highly relevant. The parallel relationship between natural and radiation-induced cellular senescence reveals the common aspects underlying these processes...
March 21, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534257/hydrogel-gated-fets-in-neuromorphic-computing-to-mimic-biological-signal-a-review
#4
REVIEW
Sankar Prasad Bag, Suyoung Lee, Jaeyoon Song, Jinsink Kim
Hydrogel-gated synaptic transistors offer unique advantages, including biocompatibility, tunable electrical properties, being biodegradable, and having an ability to mimic biological synaptic plasticity. For processing massive data with ultralow power consumption due to high parallelism and human brain-like processing abilities, synaptic transistors have been widely considered for replacing von Neumann architecture-based traditional computers due to the parting of memory and control units. The crucial components mimic the complex biological signal, synaptic, and sensing systems...
March 19, 2024: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533420/an-eye-on-semantics-a-study-on-the-influence-of-concreteness-and-predictability-on-early-fixation-durations
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Federica Magnabosco, Olaf Hauk
We used eye-tracking during natural reading to study how semantic control and representation mechanisms interact for the successful comprehension of sentences, by manipulating sentence context and single-word meaning. Specifically, we examined whether a word's semantic characteristic (concreteness) affects first fixation and gaze durations (FFDs and GDs) and whether it interacts with the predictability of a word. We used a linear mixed effects model including several possible psycholinguistic covariates. We found a small but reliable main effect of concreteness and replicated a predictability effect on FFDs, but we found no interaction between the two...
2024: Language, Cognition and Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533302/biomedicines-in-longevity-and-aging-the-quest-to-resist-biological-decline
#6
REVIEW
Raymond D Palmer
Aging is considered part of the natural process of life, however in recent years medical literature has started to show that specific facets of aging are beginning to be understood and those factors may even be considered preventable with various measures. Aging is also considered the number one cause of poor quality of life, disease, disability, and death, so the importance of understanding the aging process and how to control certain aspects of it cannot be underestimated when age related suffering is factored in...
2024: BioMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532258/optimized-microburst-vns-elicits-fmri-responses-beyond-thalamic-specific-response-from-standard-vns
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jerzy P Szaflarski, Jane B Allendorfer, Jason Begnaud, Giovanni Ranuzzi, Elhum Shamshiri, Ryan Verner
OBJECTIVE: In parallel to standard vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), microburst stimulation delivery has been developed. We evaluated the fMRI-related signal changes associated with standard and optimized microburst stimulation in a proof-of-concept study (NCT03446664). METHODS: Twenty-nine drug-resistant epilepsy patients were prospectively implanted with VNS. Three 3T fMRI scans were collected 2 weeks postimplantation. The maximum tolerated VNS intensity was determined prior to each scan starting at 0...
March 26, 2024: Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532231/determination-of-m1-m2-macrophage-polarization-in-ipsilateral-and-contralateral-rat-testis-tissue-following-unilateral-torsion-detorsion
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Merve Kavak Balgetir, Nalan Kaya Tektemur, Ahmet Tektemur, Gaffari Türk, İbrahim Halil Güngör, Aslıhan Cakir Cihangiroglu, Ramazan Fazıl Akkoç, Tuncay Kuloglu, Durrin Ozlem Dabak
The present study investigates the changes in M1/M2 macrophage polarization resulting from unilateral testicular torsion in the bilateral testis. The study sample included 63 male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 7): Control, Sham (4 h (4 h), 24 h, 7 days (7d), 14d), and Torsion/Detorsion (T/D) (4 h, 24 h, 7d, 14d). Histopathological evaluations revealed no changes in the Sham groups, while T/D was noted to cause edema, vascular occlusion, disruption of seminiferous tubule epithelial organization, germ cell abnormalities and structural anomalies in the experimental rats, the severity and extent of which increased from 4 h to 14d after T/D...
March 26, 2024: Reproductive Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531873/associations-between-antipsychotics-induced-weight-gain-and-brain-networks-of-impulsivity
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire Grosu, Paul Klauser, Daniella Dwir, Ines Khadimallah, Yasser Alemán-Gómez, Nermine Laaboub, Marianna Piras, Margot Fournier, Martin Preisig, Philippe Conus, Bogdan Draganski, Chin B Eap
Given the unpredictable rapid onset and ubiquitous consequences of weight gain induced by antipsychotics, there is a pressing need to get insights into the underlying processes at the brain system level that will allow stratification of "at risk" patients. The pathophysiological hypothesis at hand is focused on brain networks governing impulsivity that are modulated by neuro-inflammatory processes. To this aim, we investigated brain anatomy and functional connectivity in patients with early psychosis (median age: 23 years, IQR = 21-27) using anthropometric data and magnetic resonance imaging acquired one month to one year after initiation of AP medication...
March 26, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531855/synthetically-primed-adaptation-of-pseudomonas-putida-to-a-non-native-substrate-d-xylose
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavel Dvořák, Barbora Burýšková, Barbora Popelářová, Birgitta E Ebert, Tibor Botka, Dalimil Bujdoš, Alberto Sánchez-Pascuala, Hannah Schöttler, Heiko Hayen, Víctor de Lorenzo, Lars M Blank, Martin Benešík
To broaden the substrate scope of microbial cell factories towards renewable substrates, rational genetic interventions are often combined with adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). However, comprehensive studies enabling a holistic understanding of adaptation processes primed by rational metabolic engineering remain scarce. The industrial workhorse Pseudomonas putida was engineered to utilize the non-native sugar D-xylose, but its assimilation into the bacterial biochemical network via the exogenous xylose isomerase pathway remained unresolved...
March 26, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531561/effectiveness-and-cost-effectiveness-of-a-web-based-cardiac-rehabilitation-programme-for-people-with-chronic-stable-angina-protocol-for-the-activate-angina-controlled-trial-investigating-the-value-of-the-activate-your-heart-therapeutic-e-intervention-randomised
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nefyn H Williams, Brendan Collins, Terence J Comerford, Susanna Dodd, Michael Fisher, Ben Hardwick, Sophie Hennessy, Kate Jolly, Ian Jones, Deirdre Lane, Gregory Y H Lip, Erica Morgan, Penelope Ralph, Dick Thijssen, Sally J Singh
INTRODUCTION: Chronic stable angina is common and disabling. Cardiac rehabilitation is routinely offered to people following myocardial infarction or revascularisation procedures and has the potential to help people with chronic stable angina. However, there is insufficient evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness for its routine use in this patient group. The objectives of this study are to compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the 'Activate Your Heart' cardiac rehabilitation programme for people with chronic stable angina compared with usual care...
March 25, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531247/dual-transpeckle-dual-pathway-transformer-based-encoder-decoder-network-for-medical-ultrasound-image-despeckling
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuqing Chen, Zhitao Guo, Jinli Yuan, Xiaozeng Li, Hengyong Yu
The majority of existing deep learning-based image denoising algorithms mainly focus on processing the overall image features, ignoring the fine differences between the semantic and pixel features. Hence, we propose Dual-TranSpeckle (DTS), a medical ultrasound image despeckling network built on a dual-path Transformer. The DTS introduces two different paths, named "semantic path" and "pixel path," to facilitate the parallel transfer of feature information within the image. The semantic path passes a global view of the input semantic features, and the image features are passed through a Semantic Block to extract global semantic information from pixel-level features...
March 21, 2024: Computers in Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530837/how-does-ionizing-radiation-affect-amyloidogenesis-in-plants
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maryna Kryvokhyzha, Sergii Litvinov, Maksym Danchenko, Lidiia Khudolieieva, Nataliia Kutsokon, Peter Baráth, Namik Rashydov
PURPOSE: Ionizing radiation is a harsh environmental factor that could induce plant senescence. We hypothesized that radiation-related senescence remodels proteome, particularly by triggering the accumulation of prion-like proteins in plant tissues. The object of this study, pea ( Pisum sativum L.), is an agriculturally important legume. Research on the functional importance of amyloidogenic proteins was never performed on this species. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pea seeds were irradiated in the dose range 5-50 Gy of X-rays...
March 26, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529888/co-developmental-trajectories-of-suicidal-ideation-and-non-suicidal-self-injury-among-chinese-adolescents-transdiagnostic-predictors-and-association-with-suicide-attempts
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunhong Shen, Danrui Chen, Jiaqi Guo, Yue Zheng, Jiajing Zhang, Shiting Zhan, Jianing You
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent suicidal ideation (SI) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are crucial public health issues, yet their co-developmental trajectories during early adolescence and their associations with predictors and outcomes are unclear. This study aimed to (a) identify heterogeneous co-developmental trajectories of SI and NSSI, (b) explore associations between transdiagnostic predictors and trajectories, and (c) assess suicide attempt risk across trajectories. METHODS: Four hundred fifty-three adolescents (Mage  = 12...
March 26, 2024: Suicide & Life-threatening Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527761/unveiling-the-regulatory-role-of-mirnas-in-internode-elongation-integrated-analysis-of-microrna-and-mrna-expression-profiles-across-diverse-dwarfing-treatments-in-maize-zea-mays-l
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chuanxi Peng, Haidong Xu, Shipeng Xie, Xingyu Zhong, Limei Chen, Yan He, Zhaohu Li, Yuyi Zhou, Liusheng Duan
MicroRNAs are crucial regulators of gene expression in maize. However, the mechanisms through which miRNAs control internode elongation remain poorly understood. This study engineered varying levels of internode elongation inhibition, revealing that dwarfing treatments diminished gibberellin levels, curtailed cell longitudinal growth, and slowed the rate of internode elongation. Comprehensive transcriptome and miRNA profiling of the internode elongation zone showed gene expression changes that paralleled the extent of the internode length reduction...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527405/self-supervised-learning-for-medical-image-data-with-anatomy-oriented-imaging-planes
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianwei Zhang, Dong Wei, Mengmeng Zhu, Shi Gu, Yefeng Zheng
Self-supervised learning has emerged as a powerful tool for pretraining deep networks on unlabeled data, prior to transfer learning of target tasks with limited annotation. The relevance between the pretraining pretext and target tasks is crucial to the success of transfer learning. Various pretext tasks have been proposed to utilize properties of medical image data (e.g., three dimensionality), which are more relevant to medical image analysis than generic ones for natural images. However, previous work rarely paid attention to data with anatomy-oriented imaging planes, e...
March 21, 2024: Medical Image Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527011/natalizumab-promotes-anti-inflammatory-and-repair-effects-in-multiple-sclerosis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ragnhild Reehorst Lereim, Petra Nytrova, Astrid Guldbrandsen, Eva Kubala Havrdova, Kjell-Morten Myhr, Harald Barsnes, Frode S Berven
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous system leading to demyelination and axonal loss. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is commonly treated by anti-inflammatory drugs, where one of the most effective drugs to date is the monoclonal antibody natalizumab. METHODS: The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome was analyzed in 56 patients with RRMS before and after natalizumab treatment, using label-free mass spectrometry and a subset of the changed proteins were verified by parallel reaction monitoring in a new cohort of 20 patients, confirming the majority of observed changes...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526894/de-cluttering-scatterplots-with-integral-images
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hennes Rave, Vladimir Molchanov, Lars Linsen
Scatterplots provide a visual representation of bivariate data (or 2D embeddings of multivariate data) that allows for effective analyses of data dependencies, clusters, trends, and outliers. Unfortunately, classical scatterplots suffer from scalability issues, since growing data sizes eventually lead to overplotting and visual clutter on a screen with a fixed resolution, which hinders the data analysis process. We propose an algorithm that compensates for irregular sample distributions by a smooth transformation of the scatterplot's visual domain...
March 25, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526297/water-hydrocarbon-interactions-in-anionic-pyrene-monohydrate
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalie LeMessurier, Heinrich Salzmann, River Leversee, J Mathias Weber, Joel D Eaves
Interactions between water and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are essential in many aspects of chemistry, from interstellar and atmospheric processes to interfacial hydrophobicity and wetting phenomena. Despite their growing importance, the intermolecular potentials of the water-hydrocarbon interactions are underdeveloped compared to the water-water potentials, and there are similarly few experimental probes that are sensitive to the details of the water-hydrocarbon potential. We present a combined experimental and computational study of anionic pyrene monohydrate, one of the simplest water/hydrocarbon clusters...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525412/advances-in-human-centered-care-to-address-contemporary-unmet-needs-in-chronic-dialysis
#20
REVIEW
Sumedh Jayanti, Gopala K Rangan
Advances in the treatment of kidney failure with chronic dialysis have stagnated over the past three decades, with over 50% of patients still managed by conventional in-hospital haemodialysis. In parallel, the demands of chronic dialysis medical care have changed and evolved due to a growing population that has higher frailty and multimorbidity. Thus, the gap between the needs of kidney failure patients and the healthcare capability to provide effective overall management has widened. To address this problem, healthcare policy has increasingly aligned towards a human-centred approach...
2024: International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease
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