obs and gyn

BACKGROUND: In the past 30 years the rate of caesarean section (C/S) has steadily increased from 5% to more than 20% for many avoidable and unavoidable indications. The objective of this study was to compare maternal morbidity and determine its cause in elective and emergency caesarean section. METHOD: It was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in Civil Hospital Karachi at Obs/Gyn Unit III. All mothers admitted through OPD or emergency during the study period, of any age or parity undergoing C/S were recruited in the study...

BACKGROUND: Most women with histories of gestational diabetes mellitus do not receive a postpartum screening test for type 2 diabetes, even though they are at increased risk. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with high rates of postpartum glucose screening. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis assessed characteristics associated with postpartum diabetes screening for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-affected pregnancies self-reported by randomly sampled licensed obstetricians/gynecologists (OBs/GYNs) in Ohio in 2010...

INTRODUCTION: This survey was designed to investigate the knowledge awareness of obstetrics and gynaecology staff (Obs/Gyn staff) on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). METHODOLOGY: Obs/Gyn staff from 21 of the 31 Chinese mainland provinces, who attended medical meetings or training classes from July to October 2011, were invited to complete a questionnaire regarding PMTCT of HBV. The questionnaire included the clinical implications of HBV serologic markers and PMTCT preventive measures for both pregnant women and infants...

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder that can induce damage to cardiovascular system, kidneys, brain and liver. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is responsible for significant maternal and perinatal morbidity. This study was conducted to compare the liver function tests in preeclampsia with normal pregnancy. METHODS: This study was carried out on 100 pregnant women after 20 weeks of gestation admitted in Obs/Gyn units of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad...

BACKGROUND: Dilated cardiomyopathy can lead to a variety of complications recognisable on clinical, echocardiographic, electrocardiographic and radiographic assessment. Among this, transthoracic echocardiography has the dual advantage of being helpful in making the diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy as well as an effective tool in early recognition of certain complications for timely management to improve the quality of life of these patients. METHODS: This descriptive (case series) study was undertaken at Departments of Medicine, Cardiology, Paediatrics and Obs/Gyn, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from July to December, 2008...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the patterns of recurrence of stage IB-IIA endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EMCA) with lymphovascular invasion (LVSI). METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study of 1988 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB-IIA EMCA patients with LVSI treated with surgery with or without radiation was conducted. Those with papillary serous or clear cell histologies and women treated with chemotherapy were excluded...

BACKGROUND: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a condition that affects 5-10 % of gestations, and it is the second primary cause of perinatal mortality. In this review the most recent knowledge about FGR is presented focusing on its concept, etiology, classification, diagnosis, management, and prognosis. METHODS: Searches were conducted in Pubmed, Embase and Lilacs database using the term fetal growth restriction. RESULTS: FGR is classified as type I (symmetric), manifested early, in which there is a proportional reduction of all fetal parts, generally associated with chromosome abnormalities; type II (asymmetric), with late onset, in which there is a more accentuated reduction of the abdomen, generally related to placental insufficiency; and type III (mixed), with early manifestation, resulting from infections or exposure to toxic agents...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship of various selected prenatal circumstances to pregnancy outcome in particular reference to congenital anomalies. METHOD: It was a cross-sectional analytical study and conducted at unit 'A' of the Department of Obs/Gyn, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from January to December 2009. The analysis included data on all women having pregnancies with adverse outcome and various congenital anomalies during the study period 1st January to 31st December 2009...

INTRODUCTION: Uganda has limited health resources. It is important to measure the need for imaging in order to set policy and plan for imaging services. OBJECTIVES: The first specific objective was to develop and apply four imaging needs indices on a case study basis, in five selected Ugandan hospitals. The indices were: Imaging Load (IL), Imaging Burden (IB), Type Specific Imaging Burden (TSIB), and Disease Specific Imaging Burden (DSIB). The second objective was to explore the perceptions of the patient, referring clinician, and radiologist regarding the values, meaning, and objective of imaging in patient care...

PURPOSE: Because of the increase of cannabis use, healthcare professionals are more and more confronted with pregnancies which have been exposed to this drug. There may be health consequences during the course of pregnancy and also for the babies throughout their development. We have made a study in order to evaluate practices of detection and care for pregnant women who use cannabis. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to all gynaecologists (GYNs), obstetricians (OBs) and midwives (MWs) in the district of Loire-Atlantique and to a 20% randomized sample of general practitioners (GPs)...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the stance of providers in Jamaica regarding the suggested change in abortion law and proposal to train providers. METHODS: A face-to-face anonymous survey of 35 obstetrician-gynecologists (Obs) and 228 general practitioners (GPs) in Kingston was used to assess knowledge, opinions and practice. RESULTS: Demand for abortion was high: 94.7% of GPs and 100% of Obs had been asked to perform an abortion. Although 50.7% of GPs and 70...

Office-based surgery (OBS) provides many advantages for the patient, physician, operating room team, and health care system. Newer technologies provide an array of procedures appropriate to the office setting, and with careful preparation, many can be performed without compromising patient safety or comfort. Several states have specific regulatory requirements for OBS, although half of them provide neither guidelines nor regulation. The Federation of State Medical Boards provides current regulatory information across the United States; the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology has recently issued guidelines that provide recommendations for instituting an OBS practice, and the American Medical Association and the American Society of Anesthesiologists provide guidelines that promote patient safety and comfort in the office setting...

OBJECTIVE: to study the complications of no scalpel vasectomy such as scrotal haematoma, infection, scrotal sinus, and failure, recanalization, and sperm granuloma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive study carried out in Dept. of Obs/ Gyn, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Kathmandu Nepal. RESULT: Among 926 no scalpel vasectomy clients 5(0.53%) had scrotal haematoma, 4(0.43%) with had infection, 3(0.32%) had scrotal sinus; there were 2 cases each vasectomy failure who could not achieve azospermia and 2 with recanalization while there was only one case of sperm granuloma...

PURPOSE: To investigate, in a phase III randomized trial, whether postoperative external-beam irradiation to the standard pelvic field improves the recurrence-free interval and overall survival (OS) in women with Stage IB cervical cancers with negative lymph nodes and certain poor prognostic features treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eligible patients had Stage IB cervical cancer with negative lymph nodes but with 2 or more of the following features: more than one third (deep) stromal invasion, capillary lymphatic space involvement, and tumor diameter of 4 cm or more...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficiency of maternal serum triple screening for the genetic abnormality in second-trimester and the morbidity of adverse pregnancy outcome in false positive results of the test. METHODS: A total of 4,680 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies assigned in Obs & Gyn Hospital, Fudan University, underwent triple screening test (alpha fetoprotein, AFP; human chorionic gonadotropin, HCG and unconjugated estriol, uE3) by fluorescence enzyme immunoassay between 2003 and 2005...

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer screening guidelines were created to help healthcare professionals in appropriate screening utilizing the PAP test. However, significant variation in cervical cancer screening among primary care physicians has been noted. Knowledge of the awareness of and adherence to cervical cancer screening guidelines by primary care physicians will help determine how best to disseminate and educate these physicians regarding the guidelines in hopes of reducing unnecessary screening and improving screening for under screened populations...

INTRODUCTION The chalkboards are no longer only chalkboards but are PowerPoint presentations. Textbooks are rarely texts but rather CDs to be downloaded at a reader's discretion; and classrooms are almost optional. Still the university hospital environment reflects a belief in the pedagogic effectiveness of the 19th century medical wisdom by encouraging and maintaining grand rounds. What makes the grand rounds is debatable. The large crowds, which historically attended to hear and to feast on a specialist's pearls of wisdom, have been replaced by sparse crowds often inattentive and in a rush to be elsewhere...

A quasi-experimental study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of fall prevention among hospital patients based on the modified fall risk factors assessment tool. We investigated the frequency of falls among hospital patients at a medical center in Taiwan. The experimental group of falls victims was selected from patients (n = 39) hospitalized in 2002 after falls. The control group of patients falls was selected by means of a retrospective incident report review which identified patients (n = 43) hospitalized one year earlier...

BACKGROUND: In a previous hospital based study, we suggested that undiagnosed coeliac disease has a prevalence, among pregnant women, of 1:80, and is a cause of unfavourable outcome of pregnancy. AIMS: In order to confirm or dismiss this hypothesis, which has significant public health implications, we carried out a large population based study on a stratified sample from the whole Campania region. PATIENTS: During the period of the study, 5345 women were admitted to the OBS-GYN wards regional network: 5055 (95%) were enrolled in the study...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the promotion and execution of "the practice guidelines for the management of common malignant gynecological tumors (draft)" (guidelines). METHODS: Cross sectional study was applied. All obstetricians and gynecologists (Obs/Gyns) who attended the Chinese Medical Association's Senior Workshop for Department Chairmen of Obstetrics and Gynecology were included. RESULTS: Three hundred and fifty Obs/Gyns were inquired, while two hundred and eighty-one questionnaires were available...