Pancreatitis

RATIONALE: Chinese women topped the list of new breast cancers, the first diagnosed gastric metastasis and bone metastasis is extremely infrequent. The clinical and pathological diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer is difficult. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the first diagnosis of breast cancer with both gastric metastasis and bone metastasis. CASE REPORT: The female patient was found to have abdominal distension for 15 days with nausea and vomiting...

BACKGROUND: Acute liver failure (ALF) is an unpredictable and life-threatening critical illness. The pathological characteristic of ALF is massive necrosis of hepatocytes and lots of inflammatory cells infiltration which may lead to multiple organ failure. METHODS: Animals were divided into 3 groups, normal, thioacetamide (TAA, ALF model) and TAA + AGK2. Cultured L02 cells were divided into 5 groups, normal, TAA, TAA + mitofusin 2 (MFN2)-siRNA, TAA + AGK2, and TAA + AGK2 + MFN2-siRNA groups...

Cystic dystrophy in heterotopic pancreas, or paraduodenal pancreatitis, is a rare and complicated presentation involving heterotopic pancreatic tissue in the duodenal wall. This condition is present in 5% of the general population but disease mainly affects middle-aged alcoholic-smoking men with chronic pancreatitis (CP). It may be purely duodenal or segmental (pancreatico-duodenopathy). Its pathophysiology arises from alcohol toxicity with obstruction of small ducts of heterotopic pancreatic tissue present in the duodenal wall and the pancreatic-duodenal sulcus, leading to repeated episodes of pancreatitis...

INTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a chronic disease with important socio-health repercussions that requires epidemiological information for proper health management. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of DM1 in Asturias between 2011-2020. METHODS: Descriptive study which included diagnoses of DM1 in Asturias between 2011-2020 captured as a primary source by reviewing the register of pancreatic autoimmunity analysis. Incidence rates were estimated, expressed per 100,000 population-years of risk by age group, sex, and health area...

Digital PCR (dPCR) allows for highly sensitive quantification of low-frequency mutations and facilitates early detection of cancer. However, low throughput targeting of single hotspots in dPCR hinders variant specification when multiple probes are used. Here we developed a dPCR method to simultaneously identify major variants related to pancreatic carcinogenesis. Using a 2-D plot of droplet fluorescence under the optimized concentration of two fluorescent probe pools, we determined the absolute quantification of different KRAS and GNAS variants...

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The exocrine pancreas secretes fluid and digestive enzymes in response to parasympathetic release of acetylcholine (ACh) via the vagus nerve and the gut hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). Both secretion of fluid and exocytosis of secretory granules containing enzymes and zymogens are dependent on an increase in the cytosolic [Ca2+ ] in acinar cells. It is thought that the specific spatiotemporal characteristics of the Ca2+ signals are fundamental for appropriate secretion and that these properties are disrupted in disease states in the pancreas...

BACKGROUND: Early detection of solid pancreatic masses through contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound (CH-EUS) is important. But CH-EUS is difficult to learn. PURPOSE: To design a deep learning-based contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis system (CH-EUS MASTER) for real-time capture and segmentation of solid pancreatic masses and to verify its value in the training of pancreatic mass identification under endoscopic ultrasound. METHODS: We designed a real-time capture and segmentation model for solid pancreatic masses and then collected 4530 EUS images of pancreatic masses retrospectively, used for training and testing of this model at a ratio of 8:2...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) requires complex multidisciplinary care. European evidence suggests potential benefit from regionalization, however, data characterizing the ideal setting in the United States are sparse. Our study compares the significance of four hospital designations on guideline-concordant care (GCC) and overall survival (OS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Texas Cancer Registry was queried for 17,071 patients with PDAC treated between 2004 and 2015...

Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas that is becoming an increasingly common clinical issue. The most frequent underlying etiologies include gallstones and chronic alcohol use, which account for more than two-thirds of cases. We recently experienced a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presenting with recurrent acute pancreatitis, which we later discovered was caused by diffusely infiltrating extramedullary sarcoma in the pancreas. Comprehensive analysis of previous cases of AML presenting as acute pancreatitis suggested involvement of cytogenetic alterations in chromosome 16 in its pathogenesis...

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic gastrectomy is more frequently associated with postoperative pancreatic fistula than is open gastrectomy. We assumed that compression of the pancreas with various devices to obtain a proper operative view is associated with the higher incidence of PF in LG and that the extent of the compression differs depending on the anatomical position of the pancreas. The present study aimed to elucidate the correlation between the anatomical position of the pancreas and PF after LG for gastric cancer...

PURPOSE: To develop and validate an automated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based model to preoperatively differentiate pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: This retrospective study included patients with surgically resected, histopathologically confirmed PASC or PDAC who underwent MRI between January 2011 and December 2020. According to time of treatment, they were divided into training and validation sets...

MOTIVATION: Researchers usually conduct statistical analyses based on models built on raw data collected from individual participants (individual-level data). There is a growing interest in enhancing inference efficiency by incorporating aggregated summary information from other sources, such as summary statistics on genetic markers' marginal associations with a given trait generated from genome-wide association studies. However, combining high-dimensional summary data with individual-level data using existing integrative procedures can be challenging due to various numeric issues in optimizing an objective function over a large number of unknown parameters...

BACKGROUND: There has been an increase in the integration of qualitative studies in randomised controlled trials. The purpose of this article is to reflect on our experience of carrying out a rapid qualitative study during a feasibility trial of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) in patients with acute pancreatitis, including our sharing of emerging findings and the use of these findings by the trial team. METHODS: The study was designed as a rapid feedback evaluation and combined interviews with staff and patients who took part in the trial...

Direct lineage reprogramming of one somatic cell into another without transitioning through a progenitor stage has emerged as a strategy to generate clinically relevant cell types. One cell type of interest is the pancreatic insulin-producing β cell whose loss and/or dysfunction leads to diabetes. To date it has been possible to create β-like cells from related endodermal cell types by forcing the expression of developmental transcription factors, but not from more distant cell lineages like fibroblasts...

PURPOSE: Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant genetic syndrome resulting in a wide spectrum of malignancies caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair genes (MMR). Gene mutations have different effects and penetrance between the two genders. The aim of this review is to offer a gender-specific evidence-based clinical guide on diagnosis, screening, surveillance, and counselling of UTUC patients with LS. METHODS: Using MEDLINE, a non-systematic review was performed including articles between 2004 and 2022...

Post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM-A) is the main component of pancreatic exocrine diabetes mellitus. Timely diagnosis of PPDM-A improves patient outcomes and the mitigation of burdens and costs. We aimed to determine risk factors prospectively and predictors of PPDM-A in China, focusing on giving personalized treatment recommendations. Here, we identify and evaluate the best set of predictors of PPDM-A prospectively using retrospective data from 820 patients with acute pancreatitis at four centers by machine learning approaches...

Progress in sample preparation for scRNA-seq is reported based on RevGel-seq, a reversible-hydrogel technology optimized for samples of fresh cells. Complexes of one cell paired with one barcoded bead are stabilized by a chemical linker and dispersed in a hydrogel in the liquid state. Upon gelation on ice the complexes are immobilized and physically separated without requiring nanowells or droplets. Cell lysis is triggered by detergent diffusion, and RNA molecules are captured on the adjacent barcoded beads for further processing with reverse transcription and preparation for cDNA sequencing...

As the most aggressive tumor, TNM staging does not accurately identify patients with pancreatic cancer who are sensitive to therapy. This study aimed to identify associated risk factors and develop a nomogram to predict survival in pancreatic cancer surgery patients and to select the most appropriate comprehensive treatment regimen. First, the survival difference between radiotherapy and no radiotherapy was calculated based on propensity score matching (PSM). Cox regression was conducted to select the predictors of overall survival (OS)...

Research on obesity- and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related carcinogenesis has expanded exponentially since these two diseases were recognized as important risk factors for cancers. The growing interest in this area is prominently actuated by the increasing obesity and DM prevalence, which is partially responsible for the slight but constant increase in pancreatic cancer (PC) occurrence. PC is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by its insidious symptoms, delayed diagnosis, and devastating prognosis. The intricate process of obesity and DM promoting pancreatic carcinogenesis involves their local impact on the pancreas and concurrent whole-body systemic changes that are suitable for cancer initiation...