Depression with anxiety

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate sex differences in risk factors for suicide attempts in first-episode and drug naive (FEDN) major depressive disorder (MDD) with comorbid subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). METHODS: A total of 1034 FEDN MDD patients with comorbid SCH were enrolled. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive subscale were used to assess patients' symptoms...

INTRODUCTION: Loneliness has been identified as an important public health issue, peaking during adolescence. Previous research has suggested that social interaction is a key factor in loneliness, and positive social interaction can act as a protective factor against loneliness. However, it is unclear whether there are differing impacts of in-person and online social interaction on adolescents' loneliness and mental health. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) designs are ideally suited for better understanding these associations...

INTRODUCTION: A cluster randomised controlled trial, the Meaning, Agency and Nurturing Autonomy (MANA) study, is underway comparing the effects of occupational performance coaching (OPC) and usual care on the social participation, health and well-being of children with neurodisability and their caregivers. This protocol presents the realist process evaluation which is occurring in parallel with the trial to allow testing and further refinement of OPC programme theory, as represented in its logic model...

BACKGROUND: Depression and suicidal ideation often co-occur in children and adolescents, yet they possess distinct characteristics. This study sought to identify the different related factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation. METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional survey collected data from Chinese children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 (N = 150,665; 50.3 % female). The survey included inquiries about demographics, depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, perceived stress, academic burnout, internet addiction, non-suicidal self-injury, bullying, and being bullied...

Sleep quality often deteriorates with age, and insomnia among the elderly increases the risks of both physical and psychiatric disorders. To elucidate the mechanisms and identify useful diagnostic biomarkers for insomnia in the elderly, the current study investigated the associations of waking brain activity patterns with susceptibility to stress-induced insomnia (sleep reactivity) and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, major factors precipitating and maintaining insomnia, respectively. Forty-five participants aged 60 years or older with insomnia completed self-reported measures assessing depression, anxiety, sleep quality, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, and sleep reactivity...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate content validity and psychometric properties of the 29-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS-29) to determine its suitability in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) clinical trials. METHODS: Content validity of PROMIS-29 was evaluated using qualitative interviews, including concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing, among patients living with Crohn's disease (CD, N=20) or ulcerative colitis (UC, N=19)...

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is recognized as a chronic relapsing disorder. Alcohol Relapse Risk Scale (ARRS), a multidimensionally self-rating scale, was developed initially by the Japanese to assess the risk of alcohol reuse. The study aimed to validate the reliability and factor structure of the Chinese version of the ARRS (C-ARRS) for patients with AUD. A total of 218 patients diagnosed with AUD according to DSM-5 were recruited for self-administering C-ARRS. We assessed the internal consistency of C-ARRS using Cronbach's α coefficients and examined the factor structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although many symptoms of post-COVID syndrome have been described, a comprehensive evaluation of their prevalence is lacking. We aimed to describe symptoms at 16 months from hospitalization for COVID-19. METHODS: A telephone assessment was performed one year later in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors hospitalized between March and May 2020 and already evaluated four months after discharge. Patients with relevant symptoms at 16 months, patients who presented symptoms at four months, and all intensive care unit patients were invited for assessment at an outpatient facility...

OBJECTIVE: Despite the high prevalence of anxiety in schizophrenia, no established guideline exists for the management of these symptoms. We aimed to synthesize evidence on the effect of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) on anxiety in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane library to identify randomized controlled trials of SGAs that reporting anxiety measures in schizophrenia...

BACKGROUND: Chronic pain affects tens of millions of US adults and continues to rise in prevalence. Nonpharmacologic behavioral pain treatments are greatly needed and yet are often inaccessible, particularly in settings where medication prescribing is prioritized. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to test the feasibility of a live-instructor, web-based 1-session pain relief skills class in an underserved and potentially at-risk population: people with chronic pain prescribed methadone or buprenorphine either solely for pain or for comorbid opioid use disorder (OUD)...

BACKGROUND: Diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional intestinal disease in gastroenterology that can affect approximately 9% of children worldwide, and more than half of all affected children have abdominal pain into adulthood. Research has shown that scientific and effective nursing can play an important role in improving the condition and prognosis of diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome in children. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of high-quality nursing intervention on clinical efficacy and prognosis of diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome in children...

OBJECTIVE: Tai Chi is a common, reliable, and non-pharmacological treatment method used in COPD disease management. This review investigated the effect of Tai Chi on disease and symptom management in COPD patients. METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). RESULTS: The results showed that the Qigong, Sun, and Yang styles of Tai Chi are used for COPD patients...

BACKGROUND: Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy via floatation (floatation-REST) is a behavioral intervention designed to attenuate exteroceptive sensory input to the nervous system. Prior studies in anxious and depressed individuals demonstrated that single sessions of floatation-REST are safe, well-tolerated, and associated with an acute anxiolytic and antidepressant effect that persists for over 48 hours. However, the feasibility of using floatation-REST as a repeated intervention in anxious and depressed populations has not been well-investigated...

The aim of this present clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent prehabilitation programme administered through educational videos versus another programme based on written exercise recommendations, in patients scheduled for lumbar radiculopathy surgery. This study will be a multicentre, controlled, randomised, parallel clinical trial. One hundred participants undergoing lumbar radiculopathy surgery who meet the established inclusion criteria will be recruited at different Spanish hospitals...

BACKGROUND: Nurses, the largest workforce in healthcare, are at high risk of depression, anxiety, burnout, and suicidal ideation. Suicide among nurses is higher than the general population. This randomized controlled trial pairs the MINDBODYSTRONG© cognitive-behavioral skills building program with the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention's (AFSP) Modified Interactive Screening Program (mISP) to reduce depression, suicidal ideation, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and burnout, and improve healthy lifestyle beliefs, healthy lifestyle behaviors, and job satisfaction in nurses with moderate to high risk of suicide...

The intergenerational impact of genocide has been studied in various contexts, however, the mechanisms of trauma transmission remain unclear. The present study aimed to better understand the relationship between parental trauma and offspring mental health by exploring mechanisms of trauma transmission in the children ( n = 599) and grandchildren ( n = 311) of Holocaust survivors (HS) in Hungary. In a cross-sectional online survey study, we used the paradigm developed by Danieli, Norris, Lindert, Paisner, Engdahl, et al...

INTRODUCTION: Poor sleep quality has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity, although studies incorporating actigraphy suggest that the perception of sleep differs rather than objective difference in sleep quality. Short sleep duration has been associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD. METHODS: An observational study incorporated home-based polysomnography that was conducted within twelve weeks of an objective assessment of IBD activity such as calprotectin, colonoscopy, or MRI...

Jail programming is rarely informed by site-specific health needs, diagnostic-specific screening tools that are validated, or the input of incarcerated individuals. Using the community needs assessment (CNA) framework, we aimed to fill these gaps among people incarcerated in the Pulaski County Regional Detention Facility (PCRDF), Arkansas' largest jail. Participants were 179 adults at the PCRDF who completed surveys and open-ended questions focused on (a) their mental and behavioral health and (b) programming needs at the facility...

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: In the United States, women with schizophrenia face challenges in receiving gynecologic care, but little is known about how cervical cancer screening rates vary across time or states in a publicly insured population. We hypothesized that women Medicaid beneficiaries with schizophrenia would be less likely to receive cervical cancer screening across the United States compared with a control population, and that women with schizophrenia and other markers of vulnerability would be least likely to receive screening...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article will provide clinicians with guidance on helping older adult patients make lifestyle changes to enhance brain health and well-being. RECENT FINDINGS: Evidence suggests that physical activity might be helpful in improving cognitive functioning. The data on the benefits of cognitive activity is inconsistent and not as robust. The MediDiet, DASH, and MIND diets have been associated with better cognitive health. Sleep hygiene and cognitive behavioral therapies are considered first line evidence-based treatments for insomnia and the maintenance of healthy sleep patterns...