"personality disorder"

Adults with clinically significant borderline personality disorder traits (BPTs) are at high risk of experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). STBs among those with BPTs have been associated with suicidal beliefs (e.g., that one is unlovable or that distress is intolerable). However, the extent to which suicidal beliefs uniquely mediate the relationship between emotional distress and STBs among individuals with BPTs is not known. Individuals admitted to an inpatient unit ( N  = 198) with recent STBs completed assessments of BPTs, depression, suicidal beliefs, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt history...

Perceived stigmatization and low self-esteem are linked to poorer mental health outcomes, but their impact on treatment-seeking thresholds and the importance of outpatient service location remain unclear. The study included 525 outpatients of the University Psychiatric Clinic (UPK) Basel, Switzerland, of whom 346 were treated at inner city services and 179 at services located on the main site of the UPK at the outer city limits. Perceived discrimination and devaluation (PDD), self-esteem (SE), treatment-seeking threshold (TST), and accessibility were measured via a self-reported questionnaire...

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second cause of cancer-related death. This research was performed to interpret the adaptation process among husbands of Iranian women undergoing mastectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this grounded theory study, 23 participants were chosen purposefully and via convenient sampling. After interview with them about adaptation and ways of achieving it, note taking was done, which was analyzed via Strauss and Corbin approach...

The nosology for criminals who murder multiple victims is at once well-established and controversial, perhaps because theorists have largely segregated such offenders from the broader criminal population. The current study introduces the superhomicide offender, an individual convicted of at least five murders, to locate multiple homicide offenders within the criminological and epidemiological science pertaining to the most pathological offenders, and statistically place them with other conceptualizations of severe offenders at the 95th percentile of the offending distribution...

BACKGROUND: Emotion dysregulation (ED), the difficulty in modulating which emotions are felt, and when and how they are expressed or experienced, has been implicated in an array of psychological disorders. Despite potentially different manifestations depending on the disorder, this symptom is emerging as a transdiagnostic construct that can and should be targeted early, given the associations with various maladaptive behaviors as early as childhood and adolescence. As such, our goal was to investigate the psychotherapeutic interventions used to address ED and gauge their effectiveness, safety, and potential mechanisms across various populations...

The present meta-analysis summarizes brain activation for social cognition and emotion-processing tasks in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We carried out two meta-analyses to elaborate on commonalities and potential differences between the two types of tasks. In the first meta-analysis, we implemented a more liberal strategy for task selection (including social and emotional content). The results confirmed previously reported hyperactivations in patients with BPD in the bilateral amygdala and prefrontal cortex and hypoactivations in bilateral inferior frontal gyri...

Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often associated with personality pathology. However, only few studies have been conducted on the link between ADHD and pathological narcissism (PN), with or without a diagnosis of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). In order to fill this gap, PN and NPD were assessed in 164 subjects suffering from ADHD, with several other measures including ADHD severity, quality of life, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation (ED). We found that a significant proportion of ADHD patients suffered from NPD, and that both narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability were associated with ADHD hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms, but not with inattentive symptoms...

PURPOSE: Evidence on co-occurring mental health problems in youth with physical disabilities is growing, however how services are provided remains unclear. This study examined current interprofessional rehabilitation practices for physical and mental health services. METHODS: Youth (aged 15-24) followed for a physical disability that had mental health problems were identified. Chart reviews were used to identify practices. Mental health-related diagnoses/symptoms, assessments, goals, interventions, and referrals were extracted for inductive content analysis...

Research has indicated loneliness to be a detrimental correlate of narcissistic vulnerability. However, no research has examined if this relationship persists across time or why it occurs. The present study explores the link between narcissistic vulnerability and loneliness across time and examines which domains of personality dysfunction (i.e., identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy) may account for why narcissistic vulnerability is related to loneliness. Adult participants (N = 298) were recruited from Prolific and completed study questionnaires assessing narcissistic vulnerability, narcissistic grandiosity, loneliness, domains of self and interpersonal functioning, and neuroticism...

Although the clinical symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) tend to remit over time, a substantial proportion continues to present "long-lasting symptoms" (LLS). This term refers to individuals who present some degree of clinical improvement, but low mood, feelings of emptiness, and poor psychosocial adjustment typically persist. The aim of this study was to compare the sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables in individuals with BPD with and without LLS. A total of 620 participants with BPD were included and subdivided into two groups: non-LLS group (n = 549, mean age = 28...

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BACKGROUND: The Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) is a recently developed instrument for assessing the "dark" personality traits of psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and sadism. We aimed to examine the SD4's psychometric properties, adapting it into Spanish and exploring its structure, gender invariance, reliability, concurrent validity, and nomological network. METHOD: A sample of 668 adults ( = 26.36, = 10.64, 69.2% females) completed the SD4 and other self-report questionnaires...

OBJECTIVES: Severe posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in older adults (≥60 years) has been found to be associated with maladaptive personality functioning and personality disorders (PD). Emerging evidence in adults supports that reprocessing adverse events with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) could improve personality functioning and reduce full PDdiagnosis. METHODS: A multicenterfeasibilitystudy in 24 older PTSD-patients receiving weekly EMDR-sessions for either 3, 6 or 9 months...

This study aimed to examine the perception of a good death and the level of perceived stress in relatives of palliative care patients. Relatives of 110 patients hospitalized in a palliative care center constituted the research sample. A personal information form, the "Good Death Scale," and the "Perceived Stress Scale" were used for data collection. The patients' relatives defined good death as being with family members and living this process without suffering. The mean total Good Death Scale score of the relatives of palliative care patients was 54...

While treatment guidelines agree on the first-line interventions for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there is an ongoing debate between experts regarding the treatment of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD). As scientific research is slowly emerging, different treatment approaches are used in clinical practice This article aims to provide a set of treatment options for C-PTSD in adult survivors of repeated exposure to severe violence and abuse, both in childhood and later on in life...

BACKGROUND: Discovering biological markers is essential for understanding and treating mental disorders. Despite the limitations of current non-invasive methods, neural progenitor cells from the olfactory epithelium (hNPCs-OE) have been emphasized as potential biomarker sources. This study measured soluble factors in these cells in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: We assessed thirty-five participants divided into MDD (n=14), BPD (n=14), and HC (n=7)...

The earliest traces of funeral rituals in the Indian Subcontinent date back to the Mesolithic period. Data from various parts of the country clearly indicate that this tradition gained popularity during the Neolithic and Iron Age periods in India. Besides, during the Iron-age period we found evidence of megalithic tradition, and the megalithic sites found in the Indian subcontinent reveal an elaborate process of death rituals. This present study focuses on first-hand data obtained from the south-eastern part of Rajasthan, India...

Given the nature of horse-human interactions in equine-assisted services (EAS), death of a horse may have significant impacts. In this study, an online survey was distributed to EAS practitioners. The goal of the study was to explore the experiences of practitioners and identify the socioemotional processes that occur upon the death of an equine within an EAS program. Open-ended responses ( N = 84) were analyzed qualitatively using a grounded theory and constant-comparative approach. Responses are situated into two themes (1) Processing the death of an equine and (2) Practical implications...

Aims : Most studies on the impact of COVID-19 have shown a decrease or no change in unassisted suicide rates, but effects on assisted suicide have not been studied. We aimed to estimate the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and both types of suicide. Methods : Between 2017 and 2021, 1280 assisted suicides and 535 unassisted suicides were recorded in three Swiss cantons. We conducted descriptive and time series analyses on monthly suicide rates, categorized by gender. Results : Among women, a decrease in assisted suicide rates was found during the acute phases of the pandemic...

Since the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) , identity impairment has become a diagnostic criterion for all personality disorders. The current study examined the occurrence of identity dimensions, clinically relevant identity impairments and personality pathology, and associations between these constructs in 92 forensic patients and 139 healthy controls. Patients showed higher levels of almost all identity dimensions, identity impairments, personality disorders, and almost all maladaptive personality traits than controls...