nephrotoxic

Cassia angustifolia is a species of plant from the Senna family that has traditionally been used as a laxative in different herbal products and commercial medicines. Even though there are few documented drug-plant interactions, the use of C. angustifolia with different drugs may have additive effects, such as with other laxatives or potassium-depleting diuretics. Its use also increases peristalsis which, may reduce drug absorption. The combination with digoxin has been associated with an increased risk of digoxin toxicity, probably due to an increase in plasma digoxin concentrations and hypokalaemia...

AIM: Hydrogen sulfide and <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>nitric</mml:mtext><mml:mspace/><mml:mtext>oxide</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math> possess cytoprotective activity and in vivo, they are generated from exogenous sodium hydrosulfide and L-arginine respectively. Cisplatin is a major chemotherapeutic agent used to treat cancer and has a high incidence of nephrotoxicity as a side effect...

BACKGROUND: The utilization of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) is gaining popularity in various applications, but it poses a potential risk to human and environmental health. However, the underlying causes and mechanisms of SiNPs-induced kidney damage are still largely unknown. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the SiNPs-induced damage in the kidney and further explore the possible mechanisms of SiNPs-induced nephrotoxicity. METHODS: Thirty adult male rats were divided into 3 different groups...

Acute kidney injury is a common complication of decompensated cirrhosis, frequently requires hospitalization, and carries a high short-term mortality. This population experiences several characteristic types of acute kidney injury: hypovolemic-mediated (prerenal), ischemic/nephrotoxic-mediated (acute-tubular necrosis), and hepatorenal syndrome. Prerenal acute kidney injury is treated with volume resuscitation. Acute-tubular necrosis is treated by optimizing perfusion pressure and discontinuing the offending agent...

Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient required for various biological processes but excess exposure to Mn can cause neurotoxicity. However, there are few reports regarding the toxicity effect of Mn on the kidney as well as the underlying molecule mechanism. Herein, in vivo experiments were adopted to assess the toxicity effects associated with Mn, and found that chronic Mn treatment induced the injury of glomerular podocytes but not renal tubule in rats. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen was then employed to explore the biotargets of the toxic effect of Mn on podocytes...

The acute kidney injury (AKI) and dose-limiting nephrotoxicity, which occurs in 20-60% of patients following systemic administration of colistin, represents a challenge in the effective treatment of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative infections. To reduce clinical toxicity of colistin and improve targeting to infected/inflamed tissues, we previously developed dextrin-colistin conjugates, whereby colistin is designed to be released by amylase-triggered degradation of dextrin in infected and inflamed tissues, after passive targeting by the enhanced permeability and retention effect...

The nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common food contaminant. OTA binds to the Sudlow's Site I region of serum albumin with very high affinity, resulting in its slow elimination. The displacement of OTA from albumin may be beneficial due to the faster excretion of the mycotoxin, while it may also lead to the increased tissue uptake of OTA. Furthermore, it is challenging to displace the mycotoxin from albumin even with high-affinity Site I ligands. In this study, we tested the impacts of Site I and Heme site ligands on OTA-albumin interactions by applying fluorescence spectroscopic, ultracentrifugation, and modeling studies...

Previous studies have highlighted the significant role of complement activation in kidney injuries induced by rhabdomyolysis, intravascular hemolysis, sepsis, and ischemia-reperfusion. Nevertheless, the specific role and mechanism of complement activation in acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by wasp venom remain unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the specific complement pathway activated and investigate complement activation in AKI induced by wasp venom. In this study, a complement-depleted mouse model was used to investigate the role of complement in wasp venom-induced AKI...

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Agents that ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction hold potential for AKI treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of olesoxime, a novel mitochondrial-targeted agent, on cisplatin-induced AKI. METHODS: In vivo, a cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model was established by administering a single intraperitoneal dose of cisplatin (25 mg/kg) to male C57BL/6 mice for 72 hours, followed by gavage of either olesoxime or a control solution...

Cisplatin (Cis) is a platinum-based antineoplastic drug used in various types of cancers. This drug can induce nephrotoxicity as a cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Empagliflozin (Empa) is a newly developed inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) approved as an antidiabetic medication for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to its blood glucose-lowering effect, Empa has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties...

OBJECTIVES: Colistin-induced nephrotoxicity prolongs hospitalization and increases mortality. The study aimed to construct machine learning models to predict colistin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with multidrug-resistant gram-negative infection. METHODS: Patients receiving colistin from three hospitals in the Clinical Research Database were included. Data were divided into a derivation cohort (2011∼2017) and a temporal validation cohort (2018∼2020)...

This study was condcuted to examine the association of area under the curve (AUC)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and trough concentration (Ctrough ) of vancomycin with treatment outcome and nephrotoxicity in infections caused by Enterococcus spp. and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS). Peak and trough concentrations were used to calculate AUC in 89 patients receiving vancomycin for infections with Enterococcus spp. (n = 65) or CoNS (n = 24). Correlations between Ctrough , AUC/MIC, early clinical response (ECR), and nephrotoxicity were assessed and cutoff values were determined...

Background In 2018, the World Health Organisation (WHO) released interim guidelines, advising a change of regimens to dolutegravir-based first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), based on which, in 2021, the National Aids Control Organisation (NACO) updated its guidelines to include the tenofovir + lamivudine + dolutegravir (TLD) regimen as a first line of therapy for all people living with HIV (PLHIV) and second- and third-line regimens to dolutegravir-based regimens. Considering this change of regimen, the adverse drug reaction (ADR) profiling and longitudinal prescription pattern of antiretroviral and concomitant medications in adult patients at the ART centre of a tertiary care hospital were assessed in this study...

BACKGROUND: Megalin (LRP2 receptor) mediates the endocytosis of radiolabeled peptides into proximal tubular kidney cells, which may cause nephrotoxicity due to the accumulation of a radioactive tracer. The study aimed to develop a cellular model of human kidney HK2 cells with LRP2 knockout (KO) using CRISPR/Cas9 technique. This model was employed for the determination of the megalin-mediated accumulation of 68 Ga- and 99m Tc-labeled 15-mer peptide developed to target the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor in oncology radiodiagnostics...

[177 Lu]Lu-DOTATATE has been approved for progressive and inoperable gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) that overexpress somatostatin receptors. The absorbed doses by limiting organs and tumors can be quantified by serial postinfusion scintigraphy measurements of the γ-emissions from 177 Lu. The objective of this work was to explore how postinfusion [177 Lu]Lu-DOTATATE dosimetry could influence clinical management by predicting treatment efficacy (tumor shrinkage and survival) and toxicity...

Arsenic (As) is a heavy metal known for its detrimental effects on the kidneys, but the precise mechanisms underlying its toxicity remain unclear. In this study, we employed an integrated approach combining traditional toxicology methods with functional metabolomics to explore the nephrotoxicity induced by As in mice. Our findings demonstrated that after 28 days of exposure to sodium arsenite, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels were significantly increased, and pathological examination of the kidneys revealed dilation of renal tubules and glomerular injury...

BACKGROUND: In the era of precision medicine, determining reliable renal function assessment remains a critical and debatable issue, especially in nephrology and oncology. SUMMARY: This paper delves into the significance of accurately measured Glomerular Filtration Rate (mGFR) in clinical practice, highlighting its essential role in guiding medical decisions and managing kidney health, particularly in the context of renal cancer (RC) patients undergoing nephrotoxic anti-cancer drugs...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pharmacometric in silico approaches are frequently applied to guide decisions concerning dosage regimes during the development of new medicines. We aimed to demonstrate how such pharmacometric modelling and simulation can provide a scientific rationale for optimising drug doses in the context of the Swiss national dose standardisation project in paediatrics using amikacin as a case study. METHODS: Amikacin neonatal dosage is stratified by post-menstrual age (PMA) and post-natal age (PNA) in Switzerland and many other countries...

OBJECTIVES: The kidney ages faster than other organs due to changes in energy metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. This study looked into the anti-aging effect of tropisetron. MATERIALS AND METHODS: D-galactose was administrated subcutaneously in a mouse model for eight weeks in order to induce renal aging. Three separate intraperitoneal doses of tropisetron (1, 3, and 5 mg/kg body weight) were given at the same time. We assessed markers of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation...

Since the Middle Ages, essential oils (EO) have been widely used for bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, insecticidal, medicinal and cosmetic applications, nowadays in pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries. Recently, EO have emerged as promising adjuvant therapies to mitigate the toxicities induced by anti - cancerous drugs; among them cisplatin induced renal damage amelioration remain remarkable. Cisplatin (cis-diaminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) is renowned as one of the most effective anti-neoplastic agents, widely used as a broad-spectrum anti-tumor agent for various solid tumors...