keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537137/development-of-a-long-amplicon-pma-qpcr-assay-for-detection-of-viable-xanthomonas-arboricola-pv-pruni-cells-in-peach-trees
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Milan Panth, Enoch Noh, Guido Schnabel, Hehe Wang
Bacterial spot is one of the most serious diseases of peach caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (XAP), leading to early defoliation and unmarketable fruit. The pathogen can overwinter in peach twigs and form spring cankers, which are considered the primary inoculum source for early season leaf and fruitlet infection. The amount of overwintering bacterial inoculum plays a critical role for the bacterial spot development, but no reliable quantification method is available. Thus, we developed a long-amplicon propidium monoazide (PMA)-qPCR assay for specific detection of viable XAP cells...
March 27, 2024: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536619/acceptability-and-feasibility-of-the-plasma-separation-card-for-an-integrated-model-of-care-for-hbv-and-hcv-screening-among-people-attending-hiv-clinics-in-cameroon-and-uganda
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Camila A Picchio, Aina Nicolàs, Ironne Valdèse Ayemfouo Fofou, Viola Kasone, Magellan Guewo-Fokeng, Claude T Tagny, Teddy Nanyonjo, Hellen Nansumba, Yves Nacel Kouongni, Rita Gaëlle Epse Sezawo Kamdjeu, Emmanuel Seremba, Charles Kouanfack, Isaac Ssewanyana, Richard Njouom, Ariadna Rando Segura, Francisco Rodríguez-Frías, Jean Claude Mbanya, Ponsiano Ocama, Jeffrey V Lazarus
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan African countries have a high burden of viral hepatitis and poor access to screening and care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using the plasma separation card (PSC) for viral hepatitis B and C screening among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Cameroon and Uganda. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out between 05/2021 and 03/2023 including 192 PLHIV in Cameroon (n = 104) and Uganda (n = 88)...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536202/venous-disorders-as-an-occupational-disease-a-systematic-review-on-epidemiology-pathophysiology-and-modification-strategies
#3
REVIEW
Tobias Hirsch, Uwe Wahl, Eberhard Rabe
<b/> Background: Forced postures are common in the workplace. Work in the primary economic sector is characterised by a high degree of physical activity and movement; however, activities in the secondary and tertiary sectors commonly require workers to stand or sit. An expansion of the tertiary sector in recent decades has meant that people in industrialised and emerging economies primarily sit or stand at work. The aim of the systematic review was to identify occupational factors relating to the presence of chronic venous disease (CVD), to place these in the context of developments in the workplace, and to determine whether measures are in place to prevent CVD...
March 27, 2024: VASA. Zeitschrift Für Gefässkrankheiten
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536110/epidemiology-and-prognostic-significance-of-cough-in-fibrotic-interstitial-lung-disease
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yet H Khor, Kerri A Johannson, Veronica Marcoux, Jolene H Fisher, Deborah Assayag, Helene Manganas, Nasreen Khalil, Martin Kolb, Christopher J Ryerson
Rationale: Cough is a key symptom in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). Objective: This study evaluated the prevalence, longitudinal change, associations, and prognostic significance of cough severity in patients with fibrotic ILD. Methods: We included consecutive patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF fibrotic ILD who completed the 100mm-Cough Severity Visual Analog Scale (VAS) from the prospective multi-center Canadian Registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis. Baseline cough severity and associations with patient demographics and clinical factors were determined...
March 27, 2024: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535879/what-does-a-kap-survey-reveal-about-the-awareness-regarding-leishmaniasis-among-the-community-of-an-endemic-area-in-sri-lanka
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mayumi Manamperi, P Kandegedara, G I C L De Zoysa, J M A I K Jayamanna, E G Perera, N D Asha Dilrukshi Wijegunawardana
Leishmaniasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases. Studies show that the poor knowledge about epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis within communities causes the collapse of existing disease control programs. Therefore, the present study focuses on a detailed survey of the existing awareness among the threatened population in the Medawachchiya Public Health Inspector's (PHI) Area in the Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka, aiming to assist the health staff to organize community-based vector control programs effectively in the future...
February 28, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535612/fungemia-by-wickerhamomyces-anomalus-a-narrative-review
#6
REVIEW
Petros Ioannou, Stella Baliou, Diamantis P Kofteridis
Wickerhamomyces anomalus has been previously classified as Hansenula anomala , Pichia anomala , and Candida pelliculosa and was recently reclassified in the genus Wickerhamomyces after phylogenetic analysis of its genetic sequence. An increasing number of reports of human infections by W. anomalus have emerged, suggesting that this microorganism is an emerging pathogen. The present review aimed to provide data on the epidemiology, antifungal resistance, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of fungemia by W...
March 21, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535573/prevalence-diversity-and-virulence-of-campylobacter-carried-by-migratory-birds-at-four-major-habitats-in-china
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shanrui Wu, Ru Jia, Ying Wang, Jie Li, Yisong Li, Lan Wang, Yani Wang, Chao Liu, Elena M Jia, Yihua Wang, Guogang Zhang, Jie Liu
Campylobacter species, especially C. jejuni and C. coli , are the main zoonotic bacteria causing human gastroenteritis. A variety of Campylobacter species has been reported in wild birds, posing a potential avian-human transmission pathway. Currently, there has been little surveillance data on Campylobacter carriage in migratory birds in China. In the current work, fresh fecal droppings from individual migratory birds were collected at four bird wintering/stopover sites in China from May 2020 to March 2021...
March 6, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535564/development-of-a-double-antibody-sandwich-elisa-based-on-a-monoclonal-antibody-against-the-viral-ns1-protein-for-the-detection-of-chicken-parvovirus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minxiu Zhang, Jianqi Liao, Zhixun Xie, Yanfang Zhang, Sisi Luo, Meng Li, Liji Xie, Qing Fan, Tingting Zeng, Jiaoling Huang, Sheng Wang
Chicken parvovirus (ChPV) infection can cause runting-stunting syndrome (RSS) in chickens. There is currently no commercially available vaccine for controlling ChPV, and ChPV infection in chickens is widespread globally. The rapid detection of ChPV is crucial for promptly capturing epidemiological data on ChPV. Two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 1B12 and 2B2, against the ChPV NS1 protein were generated. A double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was developed for detecting ChPV based on the mAb 1B12 and an anti-chicken polyclonal antibody against the ChPV NS1 protein...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535296/vertical-metabolome-transfer-from-mother-to-child-an-explainable-machine-learning-method-for-detecting-metabolomic-heritability
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mario Lovrić, David Horner, Liang Chen, Nicklas Brustad, Ann-Marie Malby Schoos, Jessica Lasky-Su, Bo Chawes, Morten Arendt Rasmussen
Vertical transmission of metabolic constituents from mother to child contributes to the manifestation of disease phenotypes in early life. This study probes the vertical transmission of metabolites from mothers to offspring by utilizing machine learning techniques to differentiate between true mother-child dyads and randomly paired non-dyads. Employing random forests (RF), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), and logistic regression (Elasticnet) models, we analyzed metabolite concentration discrepancies in mother-child pairs, with maternal plasma sampled at 24 weeks of gestation and children's plasma at 6 months...
February 24, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535222/commercial-methods-for-antifungal-susceptibility-testing-of-saprophytic-molds-can-they-be-used-to-detect-resistance
#10
REVIEW
Paschalis Paranos, Ana Espinel-Ingroff, Joseph Meletiadis
Commercial tests are often employed in clinical microbiology laboratories for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. Method-dependent epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) have been defined in order to detect non-wild-type (NWT) isolates harboring resistance mechanisms. We reviewed the literature in order to find studies where commercial methods were used to evaluate for in vitro susceptibility of filamentous fungi and assess their ability to detect NWT isolates according to the available ECVs...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535156/survival-analysis-of-male-patients-with-brain-metastases-at-initial-breast-cancer-diagnosis-over-the-last-decade
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge Avila, Julieta Leone, Carlos T Vallejo, José P Leone
Breast cancer in men represents approximately 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses. Among all patients with breast cancer, approximately 30% will develop brain metastases. Over the past decade, there have been multiple advances in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer; however, long-term outcomes of this presentation in male patients are lacking. We evaluated male patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2019. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences between groups were compared using log rank tests...
March 10, 2024: Medical Sciences: Open Access Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534720/antimicrobial-and-diagnostic-stewardship-of-the-novel-%C3%AE-lactam-%C3%AE-lactamase-inhibitors-for-infections-due-to-carbapenem-resistant-enterobacterales-species-and-pseudomonas-aeruginosa
#12
REVIEW
Stefanos Ferous, Cleo Anastassopoulou, Vassiliki Pitiriga, Georgia Vrioni, Athanasios Tsakris
Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are a major public health threat due to the limited therapeutic options available. The introduction of the new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLIs) has, however, altered the treatment options for such pathogens. Thus, four new BL/BLI combinations-namely, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam, and ceftolozane/tazobactam-have been approved for infections attributed to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ...
March 21, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534252/detection-of-parasites-in-the-field-the-ever-innovating-crispr-cas12a
#13
REVIEW
Xin Li, Zhisheng Dang, Wenqiang Tang, Haoji Zhang, Jianwei Shao, Rui Jiang, Xu Zhang, Fuqiang Huang
The rapid and accurate identification of parasites is crucial for prompt therapeutic intervention in parasitosis and effective epidemiological surveillance. For accurate and effective clinical diagnosis, it is imperative to develop a nucleic-acid-based diagnostic tool that combines the sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) with the speed, cost-effectiveness, and convenience of isothermal amplification methods. A new nucleic acid detection method, utilizing the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) nuclease, holds promise in point-of-care testing (POCT)...
March 14, 2024: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534222/real-time-on-site-monitoring-of-viruses-in-wastewater-using-nanotrap-%C3%A2-particles-and-ricca-technologies
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vishnu Sharma, Hitomi Takamura, Manish Biyani, Ryo Honda
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an effective and efficient tool for the early detection of infectious disease outbreaks in a community. However, currently available methods are laborious, costly, and time-consuming due to the low concentration of viruses and the presence of matrix chemicals in wastewater that may interfere with molecular analyses. In the present study, we designed a highly sensitive "Quick Poop (wastewater with fecal waste) Sensor" (termed, QPsor) using a joint approach of Nanotrap microbiome particles and RICCA (RNA Isothermal Co-Assisted and Coupled Amplification)...
February 21, 2024: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534176/defining-spatial-epidemiology-a-systematic-review-and-re-orientation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher N Morrison, Christina F Mair, Lisa Bates, Dustin T Duncan, Charles C Branas, Brady R Bushover, Christina A Mehranbod, Ariana N Gobaud, Stephen Uong, Sarah Forrest, Leah Roberts, Andrew G Rundle
BACKGROUND: Spatial epidemiology has emerged as an important subfield of epidemiology over the past quarter century. We trace the origins of spatial epidemiology and note that its emergence coincided with technological developments in spatial statistics and geography. We hypothesize that spatial epidemiology makes important contributions to descriptive epidemiology and analytic risk factor studies, but is not yet aligned with epidemiology's current focus on causal inference and intervention...
March 22, 2024: Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533906/social-determinants-associated-with-substance-use-and-treatment-seeking-in-females-of-reproductive-age-in-the-united-states
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Holly Horan, Alyssa Thompson, Kendall Willard, Emmily Mobley, Justin McDaniel, Ellen Robertson, Shanna McIntosh, David L Albright
Introduction: Females of reproductive age (FoRA; 15-49 years) are the demographic most likely to be diagnosed with a substance use disorder. Preventative treatment prior to or during pregnancy is critical. Stigma and social inequities can delay access to care. There is limited research examining social determinants of health (SDoH) and how they are related to substance use and treatment seeking in this demographic. Methods: We analyzed the 2016-2019 data from the United States National Survey on Drug Use and Health using multivariable logistic regression models...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Women's Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533840/oscaa-a-two-dimensional-gaussian-mixture-model-for-copy-number-variation-association-analysis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuanxuan Yu, Xizhi Luo, Guoshuai Cai, Feifei Xiao
Copy number variants (CNVs) are prevalent in the human genome and are found to have a profound effect on genomic organization and human diseases. Discovering disease-associated CNVs is critical for understanding the pathogenesis of diseases and aiding their diagnosis and treatment. However, traditional methods for assessing the association between CNVs and disease risks adopt a two-stage strategy conducting quantitative CNV measurements first and then testing for association, which may lead to biased association estimation and low statistical power, serving as a major barrier in routine genome-wide assessment of such variation...
March 27, 2024: Genetic Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533746/examining-the-causal-association-between-psoriasis-and-bladder-cancer-a-two-sample-mendelian-randomization-analysis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lihuan Du, Bohan Wang, Jiaming Wen, Nan Zhang
BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiological observational studies have potentially associated psoriasis with bladder cancer, but the results are inconsistent, and the causality remains unknown. The present study aimed to examine whether there are causal associations between psoriasis and bladder cancer using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for individuals diagnosed with psoriasis and bladder cancer...
April 2024: Skin Research and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533203/clients-knowledge-and-satisfaction-with-outpatient-pharmacy-services-and-associated-factors-at-felege-hiwot-comprehensive-specialized-hospital-ethiopia-a-cross-sectional-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Firdawek Shenkute Ergetie, Abebe Tarekegn Kassaw, Eyayaw Ashete Belachew
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess patient knowledge and satisfaction and associated factors with outpatient pharmacy service at Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital on patients getting outpatient Pharmacy service from 01 March 2022 to 30 May 2022. The study participants were selected by simple random sampling method...
2024: SAGE Open Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532963/diarrhea-case-surveillance-in-the-enterics-for-global-health-shigella-surveillance-study-epidemiologic-methods
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah E Atlas, Bakary Conteh, Md Taufiqul Islam, Khuzwayo C Jere, Richard Omore, Doh Sanogo, Francesca Schiaffino, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Naveed Ahmed, Alex O Awuor, Henry Badji, Jennifer Cornick, Erika Feutz, Sean R Galagan, Fadima C Haidara, Bri'Anna Horne, Md Ismail Hossen, Aneeta Hotwani, Eric R Houpt, Abdoulie F Jallow, Mehrab Karim, Adama Mamby Keita, Youssouf Keita, Farhana Khanam, Jie Liu, Thandizo Malemia, Alhagie Manneh, Christine J McGrath, Dilruba Nasrin, Maureen Ndalama, John Benjamin Ochieng, Billy Ogwel, Maribel Paredes Olortegui, Loyda Fiorella Zegarra Paredes, Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez, James A Platts-Mills, Syed Qudrat-E-Khuda, Sonia Qureshi, Md Nazmul Hasan Rajib, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade, Shazia Sultana, Sharon M Tennant, Kirkby D Tickell, Desiree Witte, Pablo Peñataro Yori, Nigel A Cunliffe, M Jahangir Hossain, Margaret N Kosek, Karen L Kotloff, Firdausi Qadri, Farah Naz Qamar, Milagritos D Tapia, Patricia B Pavlinac
BACKGROUND: Shigella is a leading cause of acute watery diarrhea, dysentery, and diarrhea-attributed linear growth faltering, a precursor to stunting and lifelong morbidity. Several promising Shigella vaccines are in development and field efficacy trials will require a consortium of potential vaccine trial sites with up-to-date Shigella diarrhea incidence data. METHODS: The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study will employ facility-based enrollment of diarrhea cases aged 6-35 months with 3 months of follow-up to establish incidence rates and document clinical, anthropometric, and financial consequences of Shigella diarrhea at 7 country sites (Mali, Kenya, The Gambia, Malawi, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Peru)...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
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