Lauryn Keeler Bruce, Patrick Kasl, Severine Soltani, Varun K Viswanath, Wendy Hartogensis, Stephan Dilchert, Frederick M Hecht, Anoushka Chowdhary, Claudine Anglo, Leena Pandya, Subhasis Dasgupta, Ilkay Altintas, Amarnath Gupta, Ashley E Mason, Benjamin L Smarr
BACKGROUND: Females have been historically excluded from biomedical research due in part to the documented presumption that results with male subjects will generalize effectively to females. This has been justified in part by the assumption that ovarian rhythms will increase the overall variance of pooled random samples. But not all variance in samples is random. Human biometrics are continuously changing in response to stimuli and biological rhythms; single measurements taken sporadically do not easily support exploration of variance across time scales...
November 1, 2023: Biology of Sex Differences