scholarship

Metascience scholars have long been concerned with tracking the use of rhetorical language in scientific discourse, oftentimes to analyze the legitimacy and validity of scientific claim-making. Psychology, however, has only recently become the explicit target of such metascientific scholarship, much of which has been in response to the recent crises surrounding replicability of quantitative research findings and questionable research practices. The focus of this paper is on the rhetoric of psychological measurement and validity scholarship, in both the theoretical and methodological and empirical literatures...

IMPORTANCE: This research, utilizing discrete choice experiments, examines the preferences and willingness to pay for home-based healthcare and support services among residents in China, a country grappling with severe aging population, an area often underexplored in international scholarship. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to solicit the preferences of primary care patients for home-based healthcare and support services in China. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted on 312 primary care patients recruited from 13 community health centers in Wuhan and Kunming between January and May 2023...

INTRODUCTION: Both nurses' well-being and quality of care are top priorities of the healthcare system. Yet, there is still a gap in understanding the extent and how authentic leadership influences them. This information is needed to inform the development of effective interventions, organizational practices, and policies. Thus, this study aimed to test the mechanism by which nurses' perception of their managers' authentic leadership impacts nurses' well-being and perception of quality of care, given the role of the nursing practice environment and nurses' psychological capital...

Bioethics increasingly recognizes the impact of discriminatory practices based on social categories such as race, gender, sexual orientation or ability on clinical practice. Accordingly, major bioethics associations have stressed that identifying and countering structural discrimination in clinical ethics consultations is a professional obligation of clinical ethics consultants. Yet, it is still unclear how clinical ethics consultants can fulfill this obligation. More specifically, clinical ethics needs both theoretical tools to analyze and practical strategies to address structural discrimination within clinical ethics consultations...

BACKGROUND: Implementation science helps generate approaches to expedite the uptake of evidence in practice. Mixed methods are commonly used in implementation research because they allow researchers to integrate distinct qualitative and quantitative methods and data sets to unravel the implementation process and context and design contextual tools for optimizing the implementation. To date, there has been limited discussion on how to ensure rigor in mixed methods implementation research...

BACKGROUND: Cancer screening is a pivotal method for reducing mortality from disease, but the screening coverage is still lower than expected. Telehealth interventions demonstrated significant benefits in cancer care, yet there is currently no consensus on their impact on facilitating cancer screening or on the most effective remote technology. DESIGN: A network meta-analysis was conducted to detect the impact of telehealth interventions on cancer screening and to identify the most effective teletechnologies...

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives have garnered increasing attention within medical education as there have been increased efforts to diversify the physician workforce among medical students, residents, fellows, and attendings. One way in which programs can improve their DEI initiatives and attract a more diverse pool of applicants is through DEI content on their graduate medical education websites. Prior studies characterizing the content and prevalence of DEI material on residency webpages have shown that dermatology residencies have relatively low levels of DEI content on their websites in which almost ¾ of all programs having no DEI content...

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This project explored what constitutes "ethical practice of mathematics". Thematic analysis of ethical practice standards from mathematics-adjacent disciplines (statistics and computing), were combined with two organizational codes of conduct and community input resulting in over 100 items. These analyses identified 29 of the 52 items in the 2018 American Statistical Association Ethical Guidelines for Statistical Practice, and 15 of the 24 additional (unique) items from the 2018 Association of Computing Machinery Code of Ethics for inclusion...

BACKGROUND: The updated Shape of Training curriculum has shortened the duration of specialty training. We present the potential role of out of programme clinical fellowships. METHOD: An electronic online survey was sent to all current fellows to understand their experiences, training opportunities and motivations.Data were collected on fellows' endoscopic experiences and publications using PubMed for all previous doctors who have completed the Sheffield Fellowship Programme...

Globally, old urban neighborhood transformation has become a new urban sustainability focus for its significant contribution to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal 11. A regeneration-oriented approach is particularly important for Chinese cities with a dwindling land supply, obsoleting infrastructure, and inadequate standard of living. Using a mixed-methods approach informed by BREEAM Communities, we examined two Chinese initiatives-old urban neighborhood renewal (OUNR) and sponge city development (SCD)-through a comprehensive study of pilot project sustainability, policy emphases and gaps, and broader governance implications...

BACKGROUND: Delivering difficult news to families is an essential but challenging skill. Pediatric trainees report limited confidence in this skill and perform poorly in simulation. We implemented the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Resilience Curriculum and evaluated performance and self-efficacy in delivering difficult news. METHODS: The AAP Resilience Curriculum, using the SPIKES (Set-up, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge, Empathy, and Summary) framework, was taught to pediatric fellows...

BACKGROUND: As research becomes an increasingly important component of medical education, there is greater emphasis on incorporating programmatic enhancements to the research experience. This study builds a logic model to summarize research program inputs, outputs, and outcomes from research-oriented medical schools across the country, providing a framework that institutions can use to design and improve their medical student research training programs. METHODS: Between November 2021 and February 2022, we administered a survey assessing institutional characteristics, research offerings, curriculum, funding, and student scholarly products to the medical schools ranked 1-50 in research in 2021 by US News and World Report...

The world of publication can seem intimidating and closed to the newcomer. How then does one even begin to get a foot in the door? In this paper, the authors draw from the literature and their recent lived experience as editorial interns to consider this challenge under the theme of access, and how it overlaps with the various components of academic publication. The main three components of the publication 'machine' are discussed in this article, authoring , reviewing , and editing . These are preceded by the first, and arguably foundational, interaction with academic journal publishing-reading...

Like any other career, pursuing a career in academia comes with positives and negatives. Faculty members teaching in higher education come from various backgrounds, with different skill sets and training. While barriers to scholarly production exist at many levels, and for various reasons, not much is known about faculty members teaching in clinical and health professions programs mainly due to the limited availability of data on this topic. This research aimed to explore the barriers to scholarly productivity faced by faculty members teaching in health professions programs at a public academic institution...

UNLABELLED: Micro-Scholarship is a flexible process that eases an educator's scholarly journey by making their small steps (Micro-Assets) visible, assessable, stackable, and transferable. This process uses existing technology tools and relationships in a stepwise and supported manner to create Macro-Assets (traditional scholarly outcomes) including articles, presentations, and workshops. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10...

BACKGROUND: Indigenous patients often present with complex health needs in clinical settings due to factors rooted in a legacy of colonization. Healthcare systems and providers are not equipped to identify the underlying causes nor enact solutions for this complexity. This study aimed to develop an Indigenous-centered patient complexity assessment framework for urban Indigenous patients in Canada. METHODS: A multi-phased approach was used which was initiated with a review of literature surrounding complexity, followed by interviews with Indigenous patients to embed their lived experiences of complexity, and concluded with a modified e-Delphi consensus building process with a panel of 14 healthcare experts within the field of Indigenous health to identify the domains and concepts contributing to health complexity for inclusion in an Indigenous-centered patient complexity assessment framework...

Medical educator portfolios (MEP) are increasingly recognized as a tool for developing and documenting teaching performance in Health Professions Education. However, there is a need to better understand the complex interplay between institutional guidelines and how teachers decode those guidelines and assign value to teaching merits. To gain a deeper understanding of this dynamic, this study employed a sociological analysis to understand how medical educators aspiring to professorships use MEPs to display their teaching merits and how cultural capital is reflected in these artefacts...

BACKGROUND: The United Nations has declared 2021-2030 the 'Decade of Healthy Ageing' and identified the need to strengthen the evidence base on interpretations and determinants of healthy ageing to inform policy. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to interrogate a 'policy blind spot' and examine interpretations and experiences of sexuality and sexual health within the context of ageing well among women aged 50+. DESIGN: The qualitative study design was underpinned by an interpretivist epistemology...

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the outcomes of training nursing students in CPR skills using the Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) program. METHODS: Nursing students (n=2,193) in 12 schools across the United States participated in this study. Students performed compressions and bag-masked ventilation on adult and infant manikins using the RQI simulation station without and then with feedback on their performance. RESULTS: With real-time, objective feedback from the RQI simulation station, students' performance of CPR skills improved, and they retained their skills over time...