shoulder elbow hand

BACKGROUND: Proprioception is vital for motor control and can be disturbed, for example, due to fatigue or injury. Clinical feasible, reliable and valid tests of shoulder proprioception are warranted. The aim was to investigate the effects of local fatigue on shoulder proprioception and the reliability of a feasible joint position sense test using an experimental repeated measures design. METHOD: Forty participants repeated a shoulder joint position sense test to assess test-retest reliability...

BACKGROUND: Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis elbow) is a self-limiting disease of indeterminate pathogenesis. Conservative therapy is the treatment of choice. In chronic tennis elbow with failure of conservative therapy; surgical treatment is a method of choice. Percutaneous tenotomy of extensor origin for patients with chronic tennis elbow is a minimally invasive technique with better long-term outcomes. CASE REPORT: Ten patients (six males, four females) presented with chronic tennis elbow, who did not respond to conservative treatment/non-surgical intervention for more than 6 months underwent percutaneous tenotomy in an outpatient setting...

BACKGROUND: The use of a distal tibial allograft (DTA) for reconstruction of a glenoid defect in anterior shoulder instability has grown significantly over the past decade. However, few large-scale clinical studies have investigated the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the DTA procedure. PURPOSE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies with data on outcomes and complications in patients who underwent the DTA procedure for recurrent anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to define minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values for patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after arthroscopic treatment of snapping scapula syndrome (SSS) using a distribution-based method, and to identify demographic, clinical, and intraoperative factors significantly associated with the achievement of MCID. METHODS: Patients who underwent arthroscopic treatment of SSS between October 2005 and September 2020 with a minimum of 2-year short-term postoperative follow-up were enrolled in this retrospective monocentric study...

Biplane radiography has emerged as the gold standard for accurately measuring in vivo skeletal kinematics during physiological loading. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the extent, range, and nature of biplane radiography research on humans from 2004 through 2022. A literature search was performed using the terms biplane radiography, dual fluoroscopy, dynamic stereo X-ray, and biplane videoradiography. All articles referenced in included publications were also assessed for inclusion. A secondary search was then performed using the names of the most frequently appearing principal investigators among included papers...

Nerve grafting, tendon transfer and joint fusion are routinely used to improve the upper limb function in patients with brachial plexus palsies. Newer techniques have been developed that provide additional options for reconstruction. Nerve transfer is a tool for restoring upper limb function in total root avulsions where nerve grafting is not possible. In partial brachial plexus injuries, nerve transfers can greatly improve shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand function. Intraoperative electrical stimulation can be used to diagnose precisely which nerve is injured and to choose which nerve fascicles should be transferred...

BACKGROUND: Current treatment concepts for simple elbow dislocation involve conservative and surgical approaches. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the superiority of one treatment strategy over the other by a qualitative analysis in adult patients who suffered simple elbow luxation. STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and following the suggestions for reporting on qualitative summaries was performed. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus, including variations and combinations of the following keywords: elbow, radiohumeral, ulnohumeral, radioulnar, luxation, and therapy...

OBJECTIVES: Despite the fact that team manual handling is common in different working environments, the previous studies in this regard, particularly those with a physiological approach are quite limited. The present study is an attempt to model the heart rate (HR) of individual and team manual handling with one hand. METHODS: Twenty-five young men (aged 21.24±1.42 year) volunteered for this study. The experiments included individual and two-person handling of the load with three different weights with and without height difference...

BACKGROUND: While microfracture has been shown to be an effective treatment for chondral lesions in the knee, evidence to support its use for chondral defects in the shoulder is limited to short-term outcomes studies. The purpose of this study is to determine if microfracture provides pain relief and improved shoulder function in patients with isolated focal chondral defects of the humeral head at a minimum 5-year follow-up. METHODS: Patients who underwent microfracture procedure for isolated focal chondral defects of the humeral head with a minimum follow-up of 5 years between 02/2006 and 08/2016 were included...

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids (CS) have shown good short-term performance in terms of pain relief and functional improvement. However, the safety and long-term efficacy of this treatment remains controversial. Several studies have reported good results of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of tendinopathies. However, whether its use in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis (LE) is superior to that of CS remains controversial. PURPOSE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of original studies to determine whether the prognosis of LE patients treated with PRP is better than that of CS...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of Kinesio tape (KT) in lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) has been widely discussed, but controversy remains. OBJECTIVES: To perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the literature to ascertain the efficacy of KT in LET. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHOD: Two independent reviewers carried out a literature search in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines...

BACKGROUND: The flexor pronator slide is an effective treatment option for ischemic contracture and contracture related to spastic cerebral palsy, but little is known about the use of the flexor pronator slide in other non-ischemic contractures. I propose a flexor pronator slide to simultaneously correct wrist and finger flexor contractures and preserve the muscle resting length. To avoid overcorrection of the deformity, I propose the use of a wide-awake local anesthesia with no tourniquet (WALANT) procedure, in which the patient is able to continually assist the surgeon in assessing the contracture release and improvement in finger movement...

BACKGROUND: Elbow flexion contracture development in school-age children with a brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) is common. Reports indicate onset between 2 and 4 years; however, little is known about early childhood prevalence, development, and trajectory of these contractures. PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and predictors of BPBI elbow flexion contractures during early childhood. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cross-sectional study...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that abnormal interlimb coordination is a typical characteristic of motor developmental delay (MDD) during human movement, which can be visually manifested as abnormal motor postures. Clinically, the scale assessments are usually used to evaluate interlimb coordination, but they rely heavily on the subjective judgements of therapists and lack quantitative analysis. In addition, although abnormal interlimb coordination of MDD have been studied, it is still unclear how this abnormality is manifested in physiology-related kinematic features...

BACKGROUND: Women are underrepresented in the orthopaedic surgery workforce in the U.S. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the representation of women among fellowship program directors (PDs) in orthopaedic surgery. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of fellowship PDs in orthopaedic surgery during the 2022 to 2023 academic year. Academic, training, and demographic characteristics were collected from internet-based resources. Participation-to-prevalence ratios (PPRs) were calculated for both men and women...

INTRODUCTION: Rapid technological developments, especially in the use of electronic devices, have affected workers. MSDs are a major burden for both employees and employers, and in contemporary society. Millions of computer workers suffer musculoskeletal diseases and it is the most common cause of occupational illness in the USA and result in medical costs and absenteeism that cost the sector between $45 and $54 billion annually. A single review was done about WMSDs, however it only investigated neck and upper extremities disorders...

HYPOTHESIS AND BACKGROUND: It is known that, though widely used, shoulder range of motion (ROM) measurements are not standardized and have a high rate of intra- and interobserver differences. Particularly, the inconsistency in quantitative and qualitative measurements and their relationship to patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) make shoulder health difficult to determine. METHODS: This was a prospective study of 147 patients who presented with a chief complaint of shoulder pain to the orthopedic sports medicine and shoulder clinic of a single fellowship-trained surgeon...

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to develop a dynamic elbow testing apparatus that reproduces active joint motion at different shoulder positions to quantify the capabilities of total elbow arthroplasty designs. METHODS: We designed a testing apparatus to create active cyclic elbow joint motion in human cadaveric and sawbones composite upper extremities. Two pneumatic actuators recreated humerus-originating muscles while rubber bands simulated forearm muscle action...

BACKGROUND: An olecranon stress fracture (OSF) is a rare injury most commonly seen in high-level overhead throwing athletes with no clear consensus on surgical treatment. The most common surgical treatment described in the literature is cannulated screw fixation but there have been high rates of reported hardware irritation and need for subsequent hardware removal. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: This study describes a novel surgical technique in the treatment of OSFs in high-level throwing athletes using retrograde headless compression screws...

BACKGROUND: Proximal humerus fracture (PHF) is a common fragility fracture in older adults and can have a substantial impact on upper limb function. Although most patients with PHF can be treated non-surgically, it is unknown whether older adults benefit from supervised exercise therapy after PHF. Therefore, the objective of this trial was to investigate whether 10 weeks of physiotherapist-supervised exercises once a week was superior to 10 weeks of non-supervised home-based exercises in older adults with a non-surgically treated displaced 2-part PHF...