memantine agitation

Among Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, it is very common to develop behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), which has a close relation to the excess morbidity and mortality, greater healthcare use, earlier institutionalization, and caregiver burden. With evaluation of AD patients, the present study mainly aims to investigate whether citalopram would be efficient for BPSD, and examines citalopram's effects on cognitive function, caregiver distress, safety and tolerability. Eighty patients diagnosed with moderate AD and clinically significant BPSD from April 2015 to January 2016 were enrolled in this study...

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a complex disease that involves a variety of cognitive, behavioral and neurological symptoms, including progressive memory loss, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism, cognitive fluctuations and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD). These symptoms may appear in varying combinations and levels of severity in each patient who is seen in the clinic, making diagnosis and treatment a challenge. DLB is the third most common of all the neurodegenerative diseases behind both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD)...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the comparative efficacy and safety of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, using direct and indirect evidence from randomized data. METHOD: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted on only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of all the available interventions for BPSD. RCTs were selected from Pubmed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, and CINAHL...

Currently, five pharmacotherapeutic options are available to treat Alzheimer's disease: memantine; the three cholinesterase inhibitors donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine; and combination treatments with memantine and one cholinesterase inhibitor. Selection of the best course of treatment is based upon the evidence gathered by systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Areas covered: This article provides a risk-benefit analysis of these treatments using evidence from meta-analyses on their safety and their efficacy...

During the clinical course of dementia, beside cognitive impairment and memory loss, a very complex challenge is posed by the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs). Accurate evaluation and treatment of pain impacts positively the agitation of demented patients aged ≥ 65 years. To gather information on the utilization of pain killers in demented patients a preliminary survey has been conducted in collaboration with the Calabrian Pharmacovigilance Territorial Service of the health district of Catanzaro (Italy). The study has taken into consideration the prescriptions of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine during the period ranging from July 2015 to June 2016 and the percentage of patients treated against pain with non steroidal antinflammatory drugs, opioids, and anticonvulsants have been monitored...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease (AD) and their association with caregiver burden. METHODS: Secondary analyses of baseline data from the Trial of Vitamin E and Memantine in Alzheimer's Disease (TEAM-AD) (N=613). Neuropsychiatric Inventory were used to measure severity of NPS and caregiver activity survey to measure caregiver burden. RESULTS: A total of 87% of patients displayed at least 1 NPS; 70% displayed clinically meaningful NPS...

Memantine, an N -methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, is a well-established treatment option for moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment related to Alzheimer disease. Recently, growing evidence has indicated memantine might also be effective in treatment of affective disorders. The common drug-induced adverse events of memantine include confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, insomnia, and agitation. Herein, we presented a case of a 73-year-old female patient with vascular neurocognitive disorder, who developed a manic episode after taking memantine...

Behavioral and psychological symptoms represent common complications in patients with different types of dementia. Predominantly, they comprise psychosis, agitation and mood disorders, disinhibited behavior, impairment of the sleep and wakefulness rhythm, wandering, perseveration, pathological collecting, or shouting. Their appearance is related to more rapid progression of the disease, earlier institutionalization, use of physical restraints, and higher risk of mortality. Consequently, appearance of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia leads to higher costs of care provided and greater distress for caregivers...

BACKGROUND: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) describes a cluster of neurocognitive syndromes that present with impairment of executive functioning, changes in behavior, and a decrease in language proficiency. FTD is the second most common form of dementia in those younger than 65 years and is expected to increase in prevalence as the population ages. This goal in our review is to describe advances in the understanding of neurobiological pathology, classification, assessment, and treatment of FTD syndromes...

INTRODUCTION: Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) include agitation and aggression in people with dementia. BPSD is common on inpatient psychogeriatric units and may prevent individuals from living at home or in residential/nursing home settings. Several drugs and non-pharmacological treatments have been shown to be effective in reducing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Algorithmic treatment may address the challenge of synthesizing this evidence-based knowledge...

- Treatment options for patients with dementia are limited. This article provides an overview of possible interventions, both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical, for Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and mixed dementia.- Pharmaceutical treatment options include cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine and experimental medication. Cholinesterase inhibitors are only recommended for Alzheimer's disease and mixed dementia, not for vascular dementia or mild cognitive impairment. There is no proof of effectiveness for the other pharmaceutical options...

BACKGROUND: Memantine is effective in the treatment of behavioral disturbances in patients with Alzheimer's disease. It has not yet been fully determined which behavioral disturbances respond best to memantine. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis of memantine vs control (placebo or usual care) for the treatment of individual behavioral disturbances (delusion, hallucination, agitation/aggression, dysphoria, anxiety/phobia, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability/lability, aberrant motor activity/activity disturbances, nighttime disturbance/diurnal rhythm disturbances, and eating disturbances)...

Objective: To explore the efficacy and tolerance of Memantine combined Reinhartdt And Sea Cucumber Capsule (R.S.C) on treating agitation in patients with moderate-severe Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight moderate-sever AD patients from Sep.2013 to Sep.2014 in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital were randomly divided into two groups: group of Memantine combined R. S.C and group of single Memantine. Then Mini-Mental Sate Examination (MMSE) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were used to evaluate cognition symptom, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and agitation symptom at the baseline and the end of 24 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Behavioral disorders such as aggressiveness, agitation, delusions, disinhibition, affect lability, and apathy arise in more than 90% of patients with dementia. Behavioral disorders are a major challenge and the greatest stress factor in everyday life for nursing personnel and for family members caring for the patient. METHODS: This review is based on relevant publications retrieved by a selective literature search in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and German S3 guideline databases with the search terms "behavioral disorders," "non-cognitive disorders," and "challenging behavior," in conjunction with "dementia" and "behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia...

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with significant negative outcomes for patients and their caregivers. Agitation, one of the most distressing NPS, lacks safe and effective long term interventions. Nonpharmacological interventions are suggested as first-line treatment, but aren't effective for every patient, resulting in pharmacological interventions for some patients, consisting of off-label use of antipsychotics, sedative/hypnotics, anxiolytics, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, and antidepressants; where efficacy doesn't necessarily outweigh associated risks...

The British Association for Psychopharmacology coordinated a meeting of experts to review and revise its previous 2011 guidelines for clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs. As before, levels of evidence were rated using accepted standards which were then translated into grades of recommendation A-D, with A having the strongest evidence base (from randomised controlled trials) and D the weakest (case studies or expert opinion). Current clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia have sufficient accuracy to be applied in clinical practice (B) and both structural (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and functional (positron emission tomography and single photon emission computerised tomography) brain imaging can improve diagnostic accuracy in particular situations (B)...

Previous studies have focused on the curative effects of memantine in patients with mild-to-moderate frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD); however, its benefits in patients with moderate-to-severe FTLD have not been investigated. The present study explores the behavioral, cognitive and functional effects of memantine on behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) in patients with mild and moderate-to-severe stage bvFTD. A total of 42 patients with bvFTD completed a 6-month treatment plan of 20 mg memantine daily in an open-label, self-controlled clinical trial...

AIM: Memantine is known to be effective in the treatment of the behavioral symptoms of dementia, especially agitation in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, memantine and rivastigmine patch combination therapy has not been well studied in determining treatment effectiveness with mild to moderate AD patients. METHODS: This was a multicenter, 24-week, prospective, randomized, open-label study design. A total 147 AD patients with Mini-Mental State Examination scores from 10 to 20 were randomly assigned to rivastigmine patch monotherapy and combination therapy with memantine groups...

INTRODUCTION: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with significant negative outcomes for patients and their caregivers. Agitation, one of the most distressing NPS, lacks well-established long-term interventions that are both effective and safe. While non-pharmacological interventions are the suggested first-line treatment, it isn't effective in managing symptoms for every patient. In such cases, clinicians turn to the use of pharmacological interventions...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Memantine has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the effect of memantine on patients with mild-to-moderate AD is unclear. METHODS: This study is a post hoc analysis of a double-blind clinical trial. Donepezil was used as the standard control treatment. Outcomes included score changes from baseline to week 24 on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-cog), a modified 20-item Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL), the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as well as the score of the Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change plus Caregiver Input (CIBIC-Plus)...