Septal reconstruction

BACKGROUND: Microform cleft lip is the mildest type of cleft lip without obvious defects of the upper lip. The nose deformities of microform cleft lip include flattened nostril rim, alar base asymmetry, and septal deviation. A hidden skin incision with nasal base muscle reconstruction was introduced in nose deformities of microform cleft lip. METHOD: To investigate the operative effect, we reviewed 21 patients with microform cleft lip treated with a hidden skin incision with nasal base muscle reconstruction from May 2020 to October 2022...

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage at the clivus is rare. In previous reports, reconstructive materials used to treat such leakage were typically autografts. Considering the pathology, rigid reconstruction is preferred. We here describe a case of spontaneous CSF leakage at the clivus with multiple bony defects. In this case, in addition to using artificial material instead of autografts, such as fat or fascia, that require additional extranasal invasive harvesting site, a rigid material layer of septal cartilage and bone was also used, enabling more stable multilayer reconstruction...

The osteocutaneous fibula free flap (FFF)'s skin paddle is commonly vascularized by the septocutaneous (SC) perforators of the peroneal artery that course through the posterior intercrural septum. However, a rare anatomical variant exists in which the skin paddle is vascularized via a separate arterial system to the fibula. We report the case of a 31-year-old man who was planned for osteocutaneous FFF reconstruction of his anterior maxilla and hard palate following resection of nasal septal chondrosarcoma. Intraoperatively, he was found to have a rare anatomical variant: the perforator to the skin paddle arose proximal to the peroneal artery, off the tibioperoneal trunk...

The cartilaginous nasal septum is integral to the overall structure of the nose. Developing our an-atomic understanding of the septum will improve the planning and techniques of septal surgeries. While the basic dimensions of the septum have previously been described, the average shape in the sagittal plane has yet to be established. Furthermore, determining the average shape allows for the creation of a mean three-dimensional (3D) septum model. To better understand the average septal shape, we dissected septums from 40 fresh human cadavers...

BACKGROUND: Bovine jugular valved conduit (BJVC) has been reported as an optional material for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction in patients with complex congenital heart disease (CHD). It showed comparable or even better performance than homograft. However, the durability of BJVC is still very poor in infants and children. Herein, we retrospectively analyzed and evaluated the mid-term results of RVOT reconstruction by using bovine jugular vein valved conduits (Balance BJVCs) in CHD patients, with a special focus on the functional status of the conduits...

Several traumatic and non-traumatic defects in the anterior base of the skull require incessant reconstruction to stop the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Reconstruction of these defects at the earliest is essential to achieve an uncomplicated recovery. Various innovations in surgical procedures are seen contemporarily in reconstructing the weaknesses in the anterior part of the skull base. Multilayer grafting techniques successfully repair minor dural defects, while significant dural defects require pedicled vascularized grafts for reconstruction...

BACKGROUND: The reconstruction technique and materials used for endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) are important factors in preventing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, a notable complication following this surgery. Visualizing the status of reconstruction early in the postoperative course can help determine the risk of postoperative CSF leak. Here, we aimed to determine if the radiological status of reconstruction post endonasal endoscopic surgery can predict postoperative CSF leak. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who had undergone ESBS between 2015- 2020...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary atresia and tetralogy of Fallot can require palliative surgery in the neonatal period due to severe hypoxia; however, limitations of established techniques include high failure rate and need for cardiopulmonary bypass. Herein, right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction on a beating heart using a Foley balloon catheter is described. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients who underwent right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction on a beating heart using a Foley balloon catheter at our institution between September 2018 and March 2022 was completed...

BACKGROUND: Various surgical techniques are utilized for reconstructing hypoplastic pulmonary arteries (PAs) in patients with conotruncal anomalies and at times, may be susceptible to restenosis and reoperation. We reviewed our experience with a simple technique of T-shaped remodeling of the PA bifurcation. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2019, 31 patients underwent T-remodeling of central PAs by a single cardiac surgeon. The PA bifurcation was opened cranially, and the opening was augmented with an oval-shaped patch effectively transforming the V-shaped bifurcation into a T-shaped bifurcation...

A super-resolution deep learning reconstruction (SR-DLR) algorithm trained using data acquired on the ultrahigh spatial resolution computed tomography (UHRCT) has the potential to provide better image quality of coronary arteries on the whole-heart, single-rotation cardiac coverage on a 320-detector row CT scanner. However, the advantages of SR-DLR at coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) have not been fully investigated. The present study aimed to compare the image quality of the coronary arteries and in-stent lumen between SR-DLR and model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR)...

Introduction  Nasoseptal flap is widely used in reconstruction of the skull base to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage after surgery for skull base lesions. There has been a debate on whether more severe olfactory dysfunction occurs after nasoseptal flap elevation than the conventional trans-sphenoidal approach. Objective  To compare the long-term recovery patterns associated with nasoseptal flap and the conventional trans-sphenoidal approach. Methods  The subjects were divided into the conventional trans-sphenoidal approach group and the nasoseptal flap elevation group...

BACKGROUND: Biocompatibility and stability of three-dimensional printed polycaprolactone mesh grafts for nasal surgery are proven in both animal and human models. However, their safety and durability as batten grafts for caudal septal deviation has not been documented. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of three-dimensional printed polycaprolactone mesh batten graft in septoplasty using the wedge resection technique for the correction of caudal septal deviation...

Injuries to the cartilaginous structures of the nose can arise after minor trauma and without a concomitant nasal fracture. They are diagnosed with a thorough clinical examination and can, if not diagnosed and treated in the acute phase, result in nasal/septal deformation, saddle nose or abscess formation with subsequent intracranial spreading of the infection. Even with proper treatment in the acute phase, the cartilage often heals with deviation. This can result in functional and cosmetic problems which may require later reconstructive surgery, as argued in this review...

This study described the first experience with 3-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction transesophageal echocardiography to guide percutaneous alcohol septal ablation. This study demonstrated that 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography multiplanar reconstruction allowed for simultaneous assessment of the targeted myocardial area from left ventricular base to apex, akin to imaging seen with spatial imaging with cardiac magnetic resonance. ( Level of Difficulty: Intermediate. ).

BACKGROUND: Dosimetry after radiopharmaceutical therapy with 177 Lu (177 Lu-RPT) relies on quantitative SPECT/CT imaging, for which suitable reconstruction protocols are required. In this study, we characterized for the first time the quantitative performance of a ring-shaped CZT-based camera using two different reconstruction algorithms: an ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) and a block sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) combined with noise reduction regularization...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of visualizing nasal cartilage using deep-learning-based reconstruction (DLR) fast spin-echo (FSE) imaging in comparison to three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient-echo (3D FSPGR) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 190 set images of 38 participants, including axial T1- and T2-weighted FSE images using DLR (T1WIDL and T2WIDL , belong to FSEDL ) and without using DLR (T1WIO and T2WIO , belong to FSEO ) and 3D FSPGR images...

BACKGROUND: Low-grade, chronic inflammation in the central nervous system characterized by glial reactivity is one of the major hallmarks for aging-related neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). The basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN) provide the primary source of cholinergic innervation of the human cerebral cortex and may be differentially vulnerable in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the impact of chronic neuroinflammation on the cholinergic function is still unclear...

BACKGROUND: Extremely low birth weight (< 1000 g) still influences postsurgical prognosis in the neonatal and infantile periods. Additionally, the life expectancy of neonates with trisomy 18 is extremely poor owing to various comorbidities. Therefore, it takes courage to perform laparotomy for the purpose of treatment of congenital multiple intestinal atresia in a baby with an unpredictable life prognosis. CASE PRESENTATION: Fetal ultrasonography revealed cardiac malformation, intestinal dilation, and physical characteristics suggestive of a chromosomal abnormality in this case...

Objective: To compare the clinical effects and complications of surgery + chemotherapy and radiotherapy + chemotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma recurrence, so as to compare the safety and efficacy of two different therapeutic methods. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy and chemotherapy admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to June 2020. Among them, 26 patients were treated with surgery. The recurrent tumor was removed under nasal endoscope, and the frozen resection margin was negative during the operation...

BACKGROUND: The nasal tip plays a crucial role both esthetically and functionally. The application of nasal tip grafts is an effective method for improving nasal tip form. Ear cartilage is a common choice for nasal tip grafts, but it still presents several challenges in clinical application that need to be addressed. This study aims to address the issues associated with the use of ear cartilage in clinical rhinoplasty applications through the development of a novel septal extension graft using ear cartilage for nasal tip reconstruction...