appendix carcinoid

Neoplasms of the appendix are very rare. They usually show glandular or neuroendocrine differentiation, and when they both occur in the same area, it is called a "collision tumor." Low-grade mucinous neoplasms associated with appendiceal diverticula are also uncommon. The appendectomy specimen of a 60-year-old man contained dense and mucoid luminal content on the distal tip, and similarly a solid, yellow, lumen-obscuring tumor with a diameter of 1.5 cm at the base of the appendix was detected. Microscopically, there were three diverticula that comprised herniation of the mucosal layer through the appendiceal wall...

A 56-year-old woman complaining of right lower abdominal pain was admitted to our hospital. An abdominal computed tomography showed the enlarged appendix tip and a high density area around the appendix to retroperitoneum. The patient was diagnosis with acute appendicitis and underwent emergency laparoscopic appendectomy. Histopathological findings of the resected specimens revealed a component with signet ring cell carcinoma morphology that was positive for neuroendocrine markers by immunohistochemical staining, which led to the diagnosis of goblet cell carcinoid(GCC)of appendix...

Introduction Acute appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency globally. Its etiology includes the presence of luminal obstruction by faecoliths, lymphoid hyperplasia, impacted stool, and rarely by appendiceal or caecal cancer. Malignancy related to acute appendicitis is usually seen in the older age group. Aim To identify the subset rate of patients operated for acute appendicitis who have appendiceal carcinoma and analyze the outcome of their post-operative management. Material and methods A retrospective study of a cohort of 529 patients aged > 40 diagnosed with acute appendicitis with subsequent appendectomy in the period between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2019 at Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital, Essex, United Kingdom was conducted...

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, surgical methods and prognosis of primary appendiceal neoplasms. Methods: A descriptive case series study was performed. Clinical data of patients diagnosed with primary appendiceal neoplasms in Peking University First Hospital from 2006 to 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who underwent surgery and were confirmed as appendiceal neoplasms by postoperative pathology were included. Cases of cecal tumor invading the appendix and other organ tumors implanting in the appendix and cases of recurrent appendix tumors were excluded Pathological classification was based on the 4th edition of the WHO classification of digestive tract tumors (2010 edition), and the efficacy of operation methods of low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) were analyzed...

Appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinomas and mucinous neoplasms are uncommon compared with other epithelial tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. Both tumour types have been subjected to terminology that belies their biological risk and leads to confusion. Goblet cell adenocarcinomas display patchy staining for endocrine markers and, thus, were previously classified as goblet cell carcinoids. Unlike well-differentiated endocrine neoplasms, however, they often contain high-grade glandular elements and pursue an aggressive course akin to that of conventional adenocarcinoma...

Acute appendicitis is common in children and adolescents. Recently, conservative antibiotic treatment is regarded to be a safe approach to treat uncomplicated appendicitis. It is already established as initial treatment in cases of perforated appendicitis with perityphlitic abscess, commonly followed by interval appendectomy. We report on a 13-year-old boy with uncomplicated appendicitis and a 17-year-old girl with complicated, perforated appendicitis and perityphlitic abscess in whom initially successful antibiotic treatment led to a delay in detection of a carcinoid tumor (neuroendocrine tumor, NET) of the appendix...

BACKGROUND: Appendiceal neurendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare neoplasms and diagnosis is commonly incidental following appendectomy. We aimed to review our experience with appendiceal NETs. METHODS: Records of children with appendiceal NETs were reviewed and data concerning demographic characteristics, clinical findings, surgical procedures, histopathological findings, management and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Between 1985 and 2021, 33 cases with appendiceal NETs (median age 11...

Goblet cell carcinoid or carcinoma (GCC) refers to an extremely rare appendiceal tumor usually diagnosed on post-operative histology as an incidental finding. Primary cancers of the vermiform appendix are quite rare, representing less than 1% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. GCCs are considered as a distinct entity of appendiceal tumors, consisting of both epithelial (glandular) and neuroendocrine elements containing goblet cells. This entity tends to be more aggressive than typical carcinoid tumors as it often presents with metastatic disease...

RATIONALE: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), a rare autosomal dominant disorder, is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentations, hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, and a high risk of developing various malignancies. To the best of our knowledge, only 1 case of appendiceal carcinoid associated with PJS has been previously reported in the pediatric population. PATIENT CONCERNS: We report a 7-year-old girl who was admitted for severe, intermittent abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, and vomiting...

Whilst most surgeons agree that conservative treatment of appendiceal abscess in children is an adequate treatment, the need for subsequent interval appendectomy is still controversial. We analyzed the histopathology in interval appendectomy in search of signs of inflammation. All patients admitted between 2010 and 2017 with appendiceal abscess and scheduled for interval appendectomy were reviewed. The specimens were evaluated for grade of inflammation, type and distribution of cellular infiltrate, presence of necrosis or hemorrhage and infiltrate in the serosa...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to examine management of pediatric appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (ANETs) in Poland. METHODS: Records of 27 patients with ANET diagnosed incidentally after appendectomy in the last decade. RESULTS: Well-differentiated NET G1/G2 was diagnosed in 25 and well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma G3 in 2 patients. Extended surgery was performed primarily in one instance and secondarily in 10 patients (right hemicolectomy in 9, ileocecal resection in 1) without adjuvant chemotherapy...

INTRODUCTION: Immunotherapy by checkpoint inhibitors, i.e., anti-programmed death-1(PD-1) or anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies, has gained more attention managing solid tumors. Pembrolizumab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) was approved in 2017 by the US FDA. REASON FOR THE REPORT: Pembrolizumab is not effective in microsatellite stable, mismatch-repair-proficient (MSS-pMMR) molecular phenotype, which comprises most CRC patients...

PURPOSE: Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (ANETs) are the most common in the appendix, detected in histopathological appendectomy specimens, which are resected for acute appendicitis. If tumor detection does not show signs of metastatic disease or obvious features of carcinoid syndrome, preoperative diagnosis remains a challenge. However, the treatment and follow-up algorithm change over time. In our study, we aimed to present 10 years of diagnostic and management experience. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of all patients who underwent emergency appendectomy, with the intention to treat clinically acute appendicitis at Bakirkoy Dr...

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal schwannoma is not a common type of tumor, and lesions originating from the appendix are extremely rare. Herein, we report a patient with appendiceal schwannoma characterized by lymph node swelling. CASE REPORT: A 67-year-old male patient who had diabetes complained of weight loss. A computed tomography scan revealed a mass in the right side of the pelvic cavity. Moreover, a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed perilesional lymph node swelling measuring up to 28 mm...

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of appendiceal endometriosis ranges from 0.4% to 22%. The carcinoid tumor is the most common neoplasm of the appendix, with incidence ranging from 0.3% to 0.9%. Appendix lesions develop in up to 22% of women with deep infiltrative endometriosis. Even though these are most likely endometriosis, carcinoid tumors should always be considered. The aim of this review was to assess the prevalence of appendiceal carcinoid tumors and appendiceal endometriosis in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery, its association with endometriosis, and related symptoms...

BACKGROUND: Appendiceal cancers represent a diverse group of malignancies with varying biological behavior. The significance of lymph node metastases in relation to long-term survival and chemotherapy response is poorly defined. METHODS: The National Cancer Database was queried to find patients diagnosed with appendiceal cancer from 1998 to 2012. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to study the association between lymph node status and overall survival...

PURPOSE: Appendiceal goblet cell carcinomas (aGCCs) are rare but aggressive tumours associated with significant mortality. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of aGCC patients treated at our tertiary referral centre. METHODS: We analysed aGCC patients, diagnosed between 1990-2016, assessing the impact of completion surgery and tumour factors on survival. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: We identified 41 patients (23 F, 18 M); median age 61 (range 27-79) years...

The carcinoids are the most frequent tumors arising from the appendix, in majority of the cases, these are asymptomatic and are discovered after appendectomy. The lipid-rich carcinoid, also known as clear cell carcinoid; is histologically characterized by the presence of clear vacuoles in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Only 24 cases of lipid-rich carcinoid of the appendix are described in the English literature, and there is no report of this entity in the Indian literature. In this report we describe a first case of lipid-rich carcinoid of the appendix in India and also present a review of the literature...

Background: Appendicular neoplasms are rare, most commonly as carcinoids followed by appendicular mucinous neoplasms (AMN). To date, there remains controversy regarding the best treatment of AMN and factors affecting its prognosis. Method: Retrospective chart review of patients operated for appendicular pathology (January 2011-December 2018, follow up to December 2020) at our institution. For all AMN patients, data included pre-operative clinical presentation, and operative/post-operative findings...

BACKGROUND: Appendiceal cancer incidence among individuals age < 50 years (early-onset appendiceal cancer) is rising with unknown etiologies. Distinct clinicopathologic/demographic features of early-onset appendiceal cancer remain unexplored. We compared patterns of appendiceal cancer among individuals by age of disease-onset. METHODS: Using the NIH/NCI's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program data, we identified individuals age 20+ years diagnosed with appendiceal cancer from 2007 to 2016...