Cathethers

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A continuous cardiac output monitoring system has been developed in the laboratory to allow the real-time measurement of the cardiac output. This form of continuous cardiac output measurement allows the doctor to view the beat-to-beat cardiac output and can be employed to measure artery constrictions as well. The sensor comprises a laser Doppler velocimeter and an impedance measurement unit. The laser Doppler velocimeter is capable of measuring bi-directional blood flow within the vessel while the impedance measurement unit determines the cross-sectional area of the vessel...

Despite infection control efforts, bacteraemia remains one of the most frequent and challenging hospital-acquired infections and is associated with high attributable morbidity and mortality and additional use of healthcare resources. Prevention and control of hospital-acquired blood-stream infection requires improved detection methods, better definition of patient populations at risk, more refined guidelines for the interpretation of positive blood cultures and a better discrimination between sporadic contaminants and true bacteraemia...

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of permissive hypercapnia on cardiopulmonary function in oleic acid induced acute lung injury (ALI) models. METHOD: ALI models of pigs were induced successfully by infusing oleic acid, Swan-Ganz cathether was used for monitoring hemodynamics and different low tidal volumes were set for variable hypercapnia. RESULTS: ALI was characterized by an increase in airway pressure and a decrease in static compliance (Cst), artery oxygen tension (PaO2), oxygenation index and cardiac output...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in a surgical intensive care unit [ICU]. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: University hospital, The Netherlands. SUBJECTS: 87 Male and 42 female patients, mean age 62.0 years (range 14-86). INTERVENTIONS: 198 Upper GI endoscopies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of, indication for, and abnormalities noted at upper GI endoscopy...

Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) requires a high-flow catheter for adequate cell collection by apheresis and long i.v. support, this is usually achieved by multiple catheters. We analyzed our experience with Mahurkar or Permacath for apheresis and long-term i.v. support in PBSCT, cared for exclusively by an i.v. therapy team. Fifty-six catheters were used in 53 patients that completed PBSCT (28 Permacath and 28 Mahurkar). In 10 patients (19%) the same catheter was used for multiple PBSCT. The average stay was 58...

Out of the 427 patients regularly attended to at the Centre d'Hémodialyse du Languedoc Méditerranéen, 144 have required at one stage the use of internal jugular vein for hemodialysis. Subclavian or femoral cathethers have been resorted to temporarily pending the re-establishment of a pre-existing vascular access. Jugular catheters have been reserved for lasting utilizations thanks to Carnaud's technique using two catheters. Gradually the use of such catheters has become imperative to offer vascular access for the treatment of hemodialysis or to create truly "permanent" accesses...

To validate the accuracy of catheter endocardial mapping to localize the origin of ventricular tachycardia (VT), we compared cathether endocardial mapping with intraoperative epicardial and endocardial mapping of 24 morphologically distinct VTs in 18 patients undergoing surgery. Twelve had VT with left bundle branch block morphology and 12 had VT with right bundle branch block morphology. Catheter endocardial mapping localized 23 VT morphologies to the border of a left ventricular aneurysm or myocardial infarction and one VT to a right ventriculotomy scar...

A method is described for the simultaneous measurement of cardiac output (CO), using the thermodilution method, and arterial blood pressure in conscious unrestrained rats. For the injection of the indicator solution (ice-cold, 0.9% saline) and for the measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, chronically-implanted polyethylene cathethers were used, while CO was measured transpulmonarily with a commercially available CO computer and an acutely-implanted (via caudal artery) arterial thermistor catheter...

In the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Wilhelm-Pieck-University Rostock 215 women were treated with altogether 510 hydrotubations because of tubar sterility. 154 patients with altogether 392 hydrotubations could be analysed. Hydrotubations were performed ambulatory, praeovulatory, using the pertubation device by means of double ballon cathether partly in combination with the Speck-test. 35 of the 154 patients treated because of tubar sterility by means of hydrotubation and conception may be suspected in 5 cases...

Corynebacterium parvum has been administered i.p. to 14 patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Two patients had responded completely to cytoreductive surgery and combination chemotherapy prior to immunotherapy, and one patient with residual disease had received only a single course of C. parvum due to i.p. catheter malfunction. Among the 11 patients with residual disease evaluable for response, from three to eight i.p. treatments with C. parvum produced surgically confirmed tumor regression in five patients (45%) with three partial responses and two complete responses of 5 and 12 months duration...

Intracardiac migration of an intravenous cathether was treated transvenously in 5 patients successfully. Using local anesthesia and fluoroscopic guidance, a bronchoscopy forceps was passed through the right jugular vein to the right atrium and afforded efficient and safe retrieval of the embolus. The direct route to the right atrium provided by the right internal jugular vein and the precise control offerred by the rigid forceps make this the preferred method of retrieval of a transvenous catheter embolus.

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A technique for passing interosseous wires is described. By using an intravenous cathether, it is possible to pass an interosseous wire through the drill hole without difficulty.

Forty-eight patients with a posteroseptal accessory atrioventricular (AV) connection underwent catheter ablation of the accessory AV connection with 200-400 J shocks delivered by a standard defibrillator. Cathodal shocks were delivered through the proximal pair of electrodes of a 6F quadripolar electrode catheter positioned in the coronary sinus such that the proximal electrodes straddled the ostium (12 patients) or the third electrode from the tip was at the ostium (36 patients). A 16-cm patch electrode positioned on the back or anterior chest served as the anode...

A single strain gauge was implanted chronically in the proximal jejunum of the rat to record contractions. FAsted pentobarbital-anesthetized animals received glucagon, caerulein, or isotonic saline control infusions intravenously while contractions were recorded. In control animals, the distribution of contractions in time showed clusters, with peaks at intervals of 14.24 +/-5.6 (SD) min. Glucagon produced dose-related inhibition of contractions. Caerulein at two lower doses produced a more uniform distribution of contractions in time; a higher dose caused inhibition...

Convulsions occurred within 30 seconds after the injection of bupivacaine through the epidural catheter in four obstetric patients in labor, and mild excitation without convulsions occurred in three others. Since the time between injection and the reaction was so short and since the dose was so small, the response probably was due to intravenous injection resulting from lodgement of the catheter in a vein, rather than to absorption from the epidural space itself. It is not generally known that the epidural veins become thin-walled and engorged during labor; thus, inadvertent placement of a cathether in a vein can occur readily...

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Postoperative ascites, particularly if infected, poses a difficult clinical situation for the surgeon. Concomitant use of salt and water restriction and diuretics will control most cases. However, in those patients who do not respond, paracentesis with a peritoneal dialysis cathether together with concomitant infusions, cubic centimeter for cubic centimeter, of saline-albumin or fresh frozen plasma will insure a sufficient intravascular volume to enable adequate renal perfusion, decrease intra-abdominal pressure to allow adequate respiratory mechanics, and decrease potential losses from around drainage tubes...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.