Fat transfer

Food surface modulation by batter coating is a promising approach to reduce the presence of oil in fried products. This review critically discussed the functionalities, mechanism of actions, rheology, ingredients of formulation, mathematical modeling of the process, cooking method, safety and regulatory aspects, physicochemical, thermal-microstructural characterization of batter coatings, and future research directions. Enormous list of ingredients could be used in preparation of oil-reducing viscoelastic batter coating that includes mostly flours, hydrocolloids, and starches...

Cancer cachexia (CC) is a debilitating syndrome that affects 50-80% of cancer patients, varying in incidence by cancer type and significantly diminishing their quality of life. This multifactorial syndrome is characterized by muscle and fat loss, systemic inflammation, and metabolic imbalance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, play a crucial role in the progression of CC. These vesicles, produced by cancer cells and others within the tumor environment, facilitate intercellular communication by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids...

Autologous fat transfer (AFT) is an upcoming technique for total breast reconstruction. Consequently, radiological imaging of women with an AFT reconstructed breast will increase in the coming years, yet radiological experience and evidence after AFT is limited. The surgical procedure of AFT and follow-up with imaging modalities including mammography (MG), ultrasound (US), and MRI in patients with a total breast reconstruction with AFT are summarized to illustrate the radiological normal and suspicious findings for malignancy...

High-fat diets alter gut barrier integrity, leading to endotoxemia by impacting epithelial functions and inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in intestinal secretory goblet cells. Indeed, ER stress, which is an important contributor to many chronic diseases such as obesity and obesity-related disorders, leads to altered synthesis and secretion of mucins that form the protective mucus barrier. In the present study, we investigated the relative contribution of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs)-modified microbiota to alleviating alterations in intestinal mucus layer thickness and preserving gut barrier integrity...

Mathematical models that treat the fed stomach content as a uniform entity emptied with a constant rate may not suffice to explain pharmacokinetic profiles recorded in clinical trials. In reality, phenomena such as the Magenstrasse or chyme areas of different pH and viscosity, play an important role in the intragastric drug dissolution and its transfer to the intestine. n this study, we investigated the data gathered in the bioequivalence trial between an immediate-release tablet (Reference) and an orally dispersible tablet (Test) with a poorly soluble weak base drug administered with or without water after a high-fat high-calorie breakfast...

This study assessed saturated mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOSH) and aromatic mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOAH) levels in grower-finisher feeds for pigs supplemented with 5% crude palm oil (CP), crude olive pomace oil (COP), olive pomace acid oil (OPA), or a blend of CP and OPA (50:50, w / w ); the contribution of the lipid source to that contamination; and the ability of pigs to accumulate MOH in back fat and loin tissues after 60 days of trial. MOSH and MOAH were analyzed with liquid chromatography (LC)-gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detection (FID) after sample preparation...

Drug induced fatty liver disease (DIFLD) is a form of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), which can also be included in the more general metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which specifically refers to the accumulation of fat in the liver unrelated to alcohol intake. A bi-directional relationship between DILI and MASLD is likely to exist: while certain drugs can cause MASLD by acting as pro-steatogenic factors, MASLD may make hepatocytes more vulnerable to drugs. Having a pre-existing MASLD significantly heightens the likelihood of experiencing DILI from certain medications...

Common beans are a common staple food with valuable nutritional qualities, but their high contents in antinutritional factors (ANFs) can decrease the bioavailability of (i) fat-soluble micronutrients including carotenoids and (ii) minerals. Our objective was to select ANF-poor bean lines that would not interfere with carotenoid and mineral bioavailability. To achieve this objective, seeds of commercial and experimental Phaseolus vulgaris L. bean lines were produced for 2 years and the bean's content in ANFs (saponins, phytates, tannins, total polyphenols) was assessed...

Regenerative therapies such as fat grafting and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) have emerged as new options to tackle burn-related injuries and their long-term sequelae. Fat grafting is able to promote wound healing by regulating the inflammatory response, stimulating angiogenesis, favoring the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and enhancing scar appearance. PRP can enhance wound healing by accelerating stages including hemostasis and re-epithelization. It can improve scar quality and complement fat grafting procedures...

Perfluroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent man-made chemicals considered to be emerging pollutants, with Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and Perfluorohexanesulphonic acid (PFHxS) being linked to hepatotoxicity and steatosis. PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS can undergo placental and lactational transfer, which results in PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS distribution to the neonatal liver. Moreover, in pregnant dams, exposure to a PFAS mixture, in combination with a high fat diet, increased hepatic steatosis in offspring at postnatal day 21, but the mechanisms have not been elucidated...

A 28-year-old man involved in a serious motorcycle accident was admitted to our hospital with comminuted fractures of the ipsilateral femoral shaft and tibial shaft, as well as multiple fractures of the right lower limb, including the proximal fibula, medial malleolus, and the third and fourth distal metatarsals. In addition, the patient suffered a skin contusion and laceration of the right foot. On the first day of admission, this patient suddenly developed tachycardia, pyrexia, and tachypnoea, and was immediately transferred to the ICU for further treatment due to a CT-diagnosed pulmonary fat embolism (FE)...

BACKGROUND: Fat graft surgery is one of the most effective procedures in plastic surgery, and since some patients request multiple surgeries and these cases sometimes take hours, it endangers the viability of the fat graft. In this study, we intend to evaluate the viability of adipose tissue aspirated with a syringe at refrigerator (4°C) and freezer (-20 °C) temperatures. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. After receiving the ethics committee's approval (IR...

Pancreatic β cells secrete insulin in response to glucose elevation to maintain glucose homeostasis. A complex network of inter-organ communication operates to modulate insulin secretion and regulate glucose levels after a meal. Lipids obtained from diet or generated intracellularly are known to amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, however, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Here, we show that a Drosophila secretory lipase, Vaha (CG8093), is synthesized in the midgut and moves to the brain where it concentrates in the insulin-producing cells in a process requiring Lipid Transfer Particle, a lipoprotein originating in the fat body...

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes bacterial, viral and self DNA and play an important role in immunity and inflammation. However, the role of TLR9 in obesity is less well-studied. Here, we generate B-cell-specific Tlr9-deficient (Tlr9fl/fl /Cd19Cre+/- , KO) B6 mice and model obesity using a high-fat diet. Compared with control mice, B-cell-specific-Tlr9-deficient mice exhibited increased fat tissue inflammation, weight gain, and impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Furthermore, the frequencies of IL-10-producing-B cells and marginal zone B cells were reduced, and those of follicular and germinal center B cells were increased...

The AA profile of MP affects mammary gland metabolism and milk N efficiency of dairy cattle. Further, the frequency of dietary protein supplementation may influence N partitioning leading to reduced N excretion. This study investigated the effect of source and frequency of rumen-protected (RP) protein supplementation on apparent total-tract digestibility, milk production, mammary gland AA metabolism, and N balance of dairy cattle. Twenty-eight Holstein-Friesian cows (2.3 ± 0.9 lactations; 93 ± 27 d in milk; mean ± SD) were used in a randomized complete block design and fed a basal total mixed ration (TMR) consisting of 41% corn silage, 32% grass silage, and 27% concentrate (DM basis) and formulated to meet 100 and 95% of net energy and MP requirements, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Fat transfer has been widely used after breast conservative surgery (BCS) where it aims to recover shapes as a simple, inexpensive, biocompatible method but the technique is not without complications. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is a promising approach to enhance fat graft survival and subsequently improve the outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of enriching fat graft with PRP for delayed correction of deformities after conservative surgery for breast cancer regarding esthetic outcome and incidence of complications...

Clopidol is extensively used in livestock farming and residues of this antibiotic can persist in animal tissues, posing a risk to humans and the environment. In this study, we investigated the depletion of clopidol in various edible tissues of chickens (muscle, liver, kidney, fat, and eggs) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry after the administration of a clopidol-contaminated diet (at 250 mg kg-1 for the high (1x) dose). After 14 d of exposure, the clopidol concentrations were highest in eggs (median: 9...

Autologous fat transfer is fast becoming a common adjunct procedure in plastic surgical operations, especially in breast reconstruction. Postharvest fat processing can be performed actively or passively with various techniques. All techniques require the final step of loading the harvested fat into a syringe for injection. We describe here an innovative and elegant technique for safer and more efficient loading of the plunger back into the barrel of a fat-filled syringe before injection. This technique improves ease of loading, reduces loss of harvested fat, and eliminates the risk of bodily fluid splash...

BACKGROUND: Autologous fat transfer (AFT) is gaining popularity in breast surgery, offering a natural-looking and minimally invasive approach for augmentation, reconstruction, and contouring. However, concerns about its impact on breast cancer necessitate an understanding of the interplay between transplanted adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and the breast tissue microenvironment. Renowned for regeneration, ADSCs raise questions about their role in cancer promotion. This systematic review delves into the complex relationship between AFT and breast cancer, exploring how ADSCs may influence development, growth, and metastasis...

Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) is a rare disease characterized by extremely low apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoprotein levels, dietary fat, and fat-soluble vitamin malabsorption, leading to gastrointestinal, neuromuscular, and ophthalmological symptoms. We herein report a case of ABL with novel compound heterozygous mutations in the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene (c.1686_1687del [p.Ser563TyrfsTer10] and c.1862T>C [p.Ile621Thr]), identified via panel sequencing. Although the patient had extremely reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and a fatty liver, he did not exhibit other typical complications...