adenomas radiotherapy

PURPOSE: Stereotactic radiosurgery with linear accelerators (LINACs) or Leksell Gamma Knife® (LGK, Elekta AB) is an established treatment option for intracranial tumors. When those are involving/abutting organs at risk (OAR), homogenous and normofractionated treatments outmatch single fraction deliveries. In such situations, it would be desirable to balance LINAC's homogeneity benefits with LGK's dose gradient attributes. In this study, we determined homogeneity and OAR sparing ranges using a non-clinical, homogenous prototype version of LGK Lightning...

CONTEXT: Germline succinate dehydrogenase subunit B ( SDHB ) pathogenic variants are characteristic of familial paraganglioma (PGL) syndrome type 4. This syndrome frequently presents with abdominal PGL and has high tendency for locally aggressive behavior and distant metastasis. The vast majority of pituitary adenomas (PAs) are sporadic. However, PAs can be part of a number of familial tumor syndromes such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) or more rarely in association with pheochromocytoma and PGL (referred to as 3P syndrome)...

PURPOSE: The treatment strategy of non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) includes surgery, radiotherapy, medical therapy, or observation without intervention. Cabergoline, a dopaminergic agonist, was suggested for the treatment of NFPA remnants after trans-sphenoidal surgery. This study investigates the efficacy of cabergoline in surgery-naive patients with NFPA. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study including surgery-naive patients with NFPA ≥ 10 mm, treated with cabergoline at a dose of ≥ 1 mg/week for at least 24 months...

BACKGROUND: Chordoid glioma is a rare slow-growing tumor of the central nervous system. Available world experience includes no more than 200 cases (lesion of the third ventricle in absolute majority of cases). Recognition and treatment of chordoid glioma are currently difficult problems due to small incidence of this disease. OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical manifestations and surgical treatment of chordoid glioma of the third ventricle considering literature data and own experience...

Acromegaly is a disorder characterized by hypersecretion of growth hormone, resulting in morbidities associated with multiple systems. Although most of the morbidities are reversed following control of the underlying disease, it may take several weeks to months for the symptoms to subside. One of the most noticeable effects of acromegaly is changes in facial features and jawbone growth, which can lead to severe pain and discomfort. This report describes a case of a 31-year-old patient with acromegaly induced bilateral condylar hyperplasia who presented with severe temporomandibular joint (TMJ), facial pain, and degenerative changes in TMJ...

Treatment strategies for NFPA include surgery, radiotherapy, medical treatment, or follow-up. The treatment of NFPAs with compressive symptoms is surgical. However, in case of post-surgical tumor remnants, there may be treatment strategies that include observation and radiotherapy. Recently, medical treatment with cabergoline (CAB) has been recommended to contain and/or reduce the size of the tumor remnant. Based on the findings that many NFPAs show a dopamine receptor (DR) and somatostatin receptor (SR) expression, medical therapy with dopamine agonists (DAs) and somatostatin receptor ligands (SSRLs) has been tested as an alternative to prevent recurrence after surgery...

The occurrence of a second neoplasm possibly constitutes an adverse and uncommon complication after radiotherapy. The incidence of a second pituitary tumor in patients irradiated for adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting pituitary adenoma is rare. We report a case of a 40-year-old female with Cushing disease who underwent surgical management followed by radiotherapy. After 5 years of initial treatment, an increase in tumor size was evident at the same location, with a significant interval growth of the parasellar component of the lesion...

Only a limited number of studies have focused on the results of the Endoscopic Endonasal Approach (EEA) for treatment of prolactinomas. We sought to assess the effectiveness of EEA for prolactinoma surgery, identify factors for disease remission, and present our approach for the management of persistent disease. Forty-seven prolactinomas operated over 10 years, with a mean follow-up of 59.9 months, were included. The primary endpoints were early disease remission and remission at last follow-up. Resistance/intolerance to DA were surgical indications in 76...

BACKGROUND: Pituitary adenomas (PA), comprising 10-20% of intracranial tumors, are classified as functioning and non-functioning and are further divided by size. Non-functioning tumors cause mechanical symptoms while functioning ones result in hormonal hypersecretion syndromes. Initial treatment involves surgery, with medical treatment for prolactinomas. Radiotherapy (RT) is employed as an adjuvant treatment, with various modalities including conventional, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), and fractionated stereotactic RT (FSRT)...

Obtaining an imaging diagnosis of various hepatobiliary and pancreatic disorders caused by certain drugs can often be challenging. Familiarity with these conditions may improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management. This review aimed to describe the imaging findings of drug-associated hepatobiliary and pancreatic disorders and identify suggestions for obtaining a correct diagnosis. We focused on relatively common disorders or those that can present with characteristic imaging findings, such as drug-induced acute hepatitis, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, focal nodular hyperplasia-like lesions, hepatocellular adenoma, pseudocirrhosis, chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis, amiodarone deposition in the liver, secondary iron overload, drug-induced pancreatitis, pancreatic enlargement after epoprostenol therapy, ceftriaxone-associated gallbladder pseudolithiasis, immune-related adverse events, and methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders...

BACKGROUND: The primary treatment for patients with acromegaly has traditionally been transsphenoidal surgery, with decreasing reliance on radiotherapy (RT) due to advancements in pharmacotherapy (PT). Despite these advancements, a substantial portion of patients still face persistent acromegaly, necessitating novel treatment approaches. This study investigates the role of CyberKnife Stereotactic Hypofractionated Radiotherapy (CK-HFRT) in persistent acromegaly. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to assess the impact of CK-HFRT on endocrine remission (ER) rates while maintaining acceptable toxicity levels...

BACKGROUND: Pituitary adenomas (PPAs) are uncommon in childhood and adolescence, accounting for 2-6% of all intracranial neoplasms. Delayed puberty, growth retardation, galactorrhea and weight gain are common features at presentation in pediatric patients. Functional tumors constitute a vast majority (90%) of PPAs, with the most frequent being prolactinomas. CASE PRESENTATION: A retrospective review of the clinical features and outcomes of 7 pediatric patients with pituitary macroadenomas was conducted...

Cases of young patients combined with intracranial germinoma and parathyroid adenoma are extremely rare. A 6.25-year-old boy was diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency at his first visit and was then treated with growth hormone substitution. Later, he was clinically diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus (CDI) and primary hyperparathyroidism, whereas no abnormal imaging evidence was identified, except for a thickened pituitary stalk. Due to persistent follow-up, parathyroid adenoma and intracranial germinoma were verified in succession...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Granular cell tumor (GCT) originating from the sellar and suprasellar regions, specifically from the neurohypophysis, is a rare neoplasm. Distinguishing GCT from other pituitary tumors, including pituitary adenoma, pituicytoma, and spindle cell oncocytoma, poses significant challenges. Here, we present a rare case of GCT originating from the posterior pituitary in the supra-sellar region. CASE PRESENTATION: A 41-year-old woman, with no past medical history, presented to neurology department with decreased visual acuity and peripheral facial paralysis since 3 months...

CONTEXT: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is a modern precision radiotherapy technique for the treatment of the pituitary adenoma. OBJECTIVE: Aim to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of IMRT in treating Cushing's Disease (CD). METHODS: 70 of 115 patients with CD treated with IMRT at our institute from April 2012 to August 2021 were included in the study. The radiation doses were usually 45-50 Gy in 25 fractions. After IMRT, endocrine evaluations were performed every 6 months and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) annually...

PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the patterns of radiotherapy (RT) care in cases of benign diseases in Turkey. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was sent to all radiation oncology (RO) departments in Turkey. The number of patients treated for benign disease between 2015 and 2020 was requested. A list of benign conditions was given, and information on the number of patients per disease, single and total doses prescribed, weekly fractions, radiation type, energy, and device was requested...

SALIVARY GLAND NEOPLASMS. Salivary gland tumors represent a heterogeneous group of lesions, with various anatomical locations. The most frequent site of involvement is the parotid, and the most frequent histology is pleomorphic adenoma, a benign tumor with the potential for recurrence and malignant transformation. Approximately one third of tumors are malignant, and the prognosis depends on the tumor histology and histoprognostic criteria. The diagnostic strategy focuses on determining the benignity or malignancy of these lesions to choose appropriate treatment...

PURPOSE: To collect a multicentric, global database to assess current preferences and outcomes for endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP). METHODS: Endourologists experienced in EEP from across the globe were invited to participate in the creation of this retrospective registry. Surgical procedures were performed between January 2020 and August 2022. INCLUSION CRITERIA: lower urinary tract symptoms not responding to or worsening despite medical therapy and absolute indication for surgery...

BACKGROUND: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) is a common modality used to treat pituitary adenomas with good control rates. It is currently unknown whether FSRT should be performed early or delayed until progression occurs. OBJECTIVE: We compared FSRT in treating non-functional pituitary adenomas (NFPA) as an adjuvant (ADJ) or on-progression (PRG) therapy. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients who underwent FSRT for a NFPA between January 2004 to December 2022 at a single institution was performed...

INTRODUCTION: Solitary fibrous tumor is a rare neoplasm that can affect any part of the body, also head and neck region. Etiology is unknown. The incidence is slightly higher in males, the age ranges from 11 to 79 years. PRESENTATION OF CASE: It's the first case in our country of left parotid solitary fibrous tumor, removed by partial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation. Histology examination showed diffuse spindle-shaped cells proliferation, moderate polymorphism, low mitotic index (<4 mitoses per 10 HPF), partially bordered by fibrous capsule...